Questions and exercises in elementary logic, deductive and inductive

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1875 - 102 pages
 

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Page 91 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 90 - If two or more instances of the phenomenon under investigation have only one circumstance in common, the circumstance in which alone all the instances agree is the cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon.
Page 93 - Whatever phenomenon varies in any manner whenever another phenomenon varies in some particular manner, is either a cause or an effect of that phenomenon, or is connected with it through some fact of causation.303 All of these canons, predictably, are formulated in the language of cause and effect.
Page 88 - One person, from inattention, or attending only in the wrong place, overlooks half of what he sees : another sets down much more than he sees, confounding it with what he imagines, or with what he infers ; another takes note of the kind of all the circumstances, but being inexpert in estimating their degree, leaves the quantity of each vague and uncertain ; another sees indeed the whole, but makes such...
Page 89 - To certain facts certain facts always do, and, as we believe, will continue to, succeed. The invariable antecedent is termed the cause, the invariable consequent, the effect. And the universality of the law of causation consists in this, that every consequent is connected in this manner with some particular antecedent, or set of antecedents. Let the fact be what it may, if it has begun to exist it was preceded by some fact or facts, with which it is invariably connected.
Page 53 - Barbara, Celarent, Darii, Ferioque, prioris : Cesare, Camestres, Festino, Baroko, secundae : Tertia, Darapti, Disamis, Datisi, Felapton, Bokardo, Ferison, habet : Quarta insuper addit Bramantip, Camenes, Dimaris, Fesapo, Fresison : Quinque Suballerni totidem Generalibus orti, Nomen habent nullum, nee, si bene colligis, usum.
Page 92 - If two or more instances in which the phenomenon occurs have only one circumstance in common, while two or more instances in which it does not occur have nothing in common save the absence of that circumstance, the circumstance in which alone the two sets of instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 70 - Fallacy in question ; eg, projectors are unfit to be trusted ; this man has formed a project, therefore he is unfit to be trusted...
Page 65 - If A is B, c is D ; and if E is F, G is H ; But either A is B, or E is F : .*. Either c is D, or G is H.
Page 93 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.

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