The Principles of LogicK. Paul, Trench, 1883 - 534 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
abstract abstract particular actual adjectives admit affirm alternative analysis answer appears assertion attribute axiom believe categorical cause Chap CHAPTER character chiliagon chimæra conclusion connection construction contiguity copula datum denial deny difference disjunction disparate distinction doctrine doubt elements Equational Logic excludes existence experience fact false feeling given ground hypothetical judgment idea ideal content identity Identity of Indiscernibles impossible individual inference instance J. S. Mill judge law of Contradiction logical logical negation major premise mammals mean merely metaphysics mind mistake nature negation never not-b object once operation particular particular judgment perceive perception perhaps phenomena possible predicate premises present principle principle of Identity psychical question reality reasoning redintegration relation result sensation sense side simply space stand suggestion suppose surely syllogism symbol synthesis synthetic taken theory thing true truth universal unless valid whole
Popular passages
Page 315 - Whatever phenomenon varies in any manner whenever another phenomenon varies in some particular manner, is either a cause or an effect of that phenomenon, or is connected with it through some fact of causation.
Page 256 - All our distinct perceptions are distinct existences, and the mind never perceives any real connection among distinct existences " (Hume). The philosophy of Experience is psychological Atomism. There is nothing which the atoms possess in common, and there could be no " real connection " between them. They are conjoined by the agency of chance or fate. That impressions should come to us in a certain arrangement, and should in some cases precede feebler counterparts of...
Page 257 - Actions, sensations, and states of feeling, occurring together or in close succession, tend to grow together or cohere in such a way that when any one of them is afterwards presented to the mind, the others are apt to be brought up in idea.
Page 4 - A fact taken as a symbol ceases so far to be fact It no longer can be said to exist for its own sake, its individuality is lost in its universal meaning. It is no more a substantive, but becomes the adjective that holds of another. But, on the other hand, the change is not all loss. By merging its own quality in a wider meaning, it can pass beyond itself and stand for others. It gains admission and influence in a world which it otherwise could not enter. The paper and ink cut the throats of men,...
Page 314 - If two or more instances of the phenomenon under investigation have only one circumstance in common, the circumstance in which alone all the instances agree, is the cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon.
Page 314 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 312 - The business of Inductive Logic is to provide rules and models (such as the Syllogism and its rules are for ratiocination) to which if inductive arguments conform, those arguments are conclusive, and not otherwise.
Page 513 - ... some spectral woof of impalpable abstractions, or unearthly ballet of bloodless categories.
Page 312 - Dr. Whewell's theory of the logic of science would be very perfect if it did not pass over altogether the question of Proof. But in my apprehension there is such a thing as proof, and inductions differ altogether from descriptions in their relation to that element. Induction is proof; it is inferring something unobserved from something observed : it requires, therefore, an appropriate test of proof; and to provide that test is the special purpose of inductive logic.
Page 314 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.