Huxley (Professor T. H.), his 'Man's
place in Nature,' cxvii. 541; iden-
tifies man with the brute creation,
546; adopts Darwin's theory of
development, 548; his test of ar-
ticulate speech examined, ib.; on
the brain formation in mammalia,
558; on the cerebral distinctions
between men and apes, 562; his
theories unsupported by past anato-
mists, 563; fallacy of his reasoning,
566
on the skull found at Nean-
derthal, cxviii. 280
denies the existence of a
special vital force, cxxx. 152; on
the unbroken chain of molecular
complication, ib.; his argument
criticised, 153
his Address to the Geological
Society, cxxxi. 39; opposed to
Sir W. Thomson, 40; on the
test of rock-deposits as to geologi-
cal time, 41; criticisms of Sir C.
Lyell, 45; comparison of the three
theories of geology, 46; high esti-
mate of Kant, 47; his advocacy
of the theory of evolution, 49
on artificial breeds and natu-
ral species, cxxxiv. 201; his four
races of man, 224
his attempted defence of
misleading terms in psychology,
cxxxvii. 501
Huyghens (Christian, 1629-1695),
his observations of Saturn's ring,
cxl. 423
Hyacinthe (Père), his letter to the
general of the Carmelites on the
Vatican Council, cxxx. 602 note
his protests against the Vati-
can Council, cxxxiv. 150; his
'Appeal to the Catholic Bishops,"
ib.; his leading position in France,
Hyacinthus or jacinth, etymology of
the word, cxxiv. 237; identified
with the modern sapphire, 259
Hyder Ali (Sultan of Mysore), anec-
dote of his susceptibility to music,
cxix. 337
Hydraulics, importance of the study
of, cxxxix. 444; domestic use of,
in England, ib.; laws of, imper-
fectly understood, 445
Hydrogen, considered as a metallic
body, cxxxiii. 160
Hyginus (Caius Julius), on the di-
mensions of the tomb of Mausolus,
cxvi. 475; his measurement ex-
plained, 478
Hysteria, the malady ascribed to
Mahomed, cxxiv. 19; its tenden-
cies to hallucination, 20
Ice-caves, in France and Switzerland,
Iceland, one vast volcano, cxiii. 533;
early voyages to, 534; theory of
the Geyser eruptions, 537; Sul-
phur field of Krisuvik, 538; hot
springs of Reykolt, 539; ascents
of Snæfall Jökul, 540; value of
cod-fisheries, ib.; Hecla and its
eruptions, 541; magnetic storms,
542; great eruption of the Skaptar
Jökul in 1783, 543; importance of
eastern half for future research,
548; mode of reaching it, 550;
fossil wood, ib.; physical configu-
ration of, 551; proposed routes for
travellers, 552; an interpreter
necessary, ib.; condition and litera-
ture of, 553
interest attached to its his-
tory, cxiv. 425; Norwegian
colonists in, 427; introduction of
Christianity, ib.; capital defects of
early law in, 428; degradation and
miseries of the people, 429; litera-
ture of, 430; religion in, 449 (see
Njala); monetary system of, 453
resemblance of the Kvidr to
trial by jury, cxl. 254
Icelandic language, the Cleasby-Vig-
fusson dictionary of, cxl. 228;
affinity of, to modern English, 248-
255; richness of its literature,
256; the Eddas, ib.; and Sagas,
Icknild Way, the Roman road de-
Idealism, origin of, cxxvi. 85; recent
tendencies to, in philosophy, 92
Idealists, their exponents in philoso-
phy, cxxiv. 121; modern phase of
idealism, 124; their contradictory
position, 126; theories of sensation,
128; on sensations of external ob-
jects, 129-134. See Mill, J. S., and
Brown, Dr. Thomas
Idiots, large number of, in England,
cxxii. 38; inadequate provision for,
ib.; M. Sargent's treatment of,
39; Dr. Howe's report in Massa-
chusetts, 41; American institu-
tions for, ib. 42; the Park House
Asylum at Highgate, 43; Essex
Hall, 44; opening of National
Asylum at Earlswood, ib.; estab-
lishments in Scotland, ib.; distinc-
tive character of, 45; Dr. Howe's
three classes of, ib.; abnormal
physical conditions of, 46; mental
vagaries of, ib. 47; gymnastic exer-
cises, 48; epileptic idiots the most
hopeless, 50; success of schools
for, 51; lessons in speech, ib.; the
'Shop Lesson' at Earlswood, 52;
their fondness for dumb animals,
54; susceptibility to religious im-
pressions, ib.; industrial employ-
ment of, 56-58 (see Earlswood
Asylum); cases in the Mind Un-
veiled,' 62-64; original plays acted
at Pennsylvanian Asylum, ib.; 65;
remarkable case of idiot acquire-
ments, ib. 67; success of gentle
treatment, ib.; results of improve-
ments summarised, 70; bodily pe-
culiarities of, 71; fanciful opinions
formed of, ib.; want of harmony
between physical and mental
powers, 72
Imputed righteousness, theory of,
cxx. 274, 296; noticed by the
Council of Trent, 301
Inchiquin (Murrough O'Brien, first
Earl of, d. 1674), his character and
career, cxiv. 383
Income Tax, unfair privileges of
landowners remedied by, cxxxi.
376; historical precedents for
Schedule D., 378; in mediæval
Florence, 379; in Holland, ib.;
M. Parieu's remarks on, 380
repeal of, in 1816, cxxxv.
517
Independents, their past services to
the Church of England, cxxxvii.
Index Expurgatorius,' the, cxvi.
273
India, Trigonometrical Survey of,
cxii. 313; recent geographical
discoveries in, 314
first telegraphic communica-
tion with, exiii. 137; De Tocque-
ville on British rule in, 445
conflict of Buddhism with
Brahmanism, cxv. 399; introduc-
tion of caste, 402 (see Buddha);
cotton-culture in, 478; prospects
of increased exports, 484; enor-
mous native consumption, ib.; ir-
regularity of home demand a check
to its cultivation, 485; experi-
ments in cotton-planting, 487;
Government farms, 489; quality
of American cotton in, 490; mode
of culture described, 492; want of
direct dealings with native farm-
ers, 496; impurities of indigenous
produce, 497; experiments at Be-
rar, 499; doubtful success of
European planting, 500; improve-
ments in Western India, 502;
want of local agencies for pur-
chase, 504; probable effects of ir-
rigation, 505; cost of production,
506
critical position of the Eng-
lish in 1848, cxvii. 2; conquest of
the Punjâb, 3; annexation policy
in, 12; variety in feudal tenures of,
19; public works in, 21; spread
of postal system, ib.; absence of
private enterprise, 22; railway
guarantees, 23; rival schemes of
Pitt and Fox, 24; political position
of the Company, 25; changes made
by the Act of 1854, 27; fidelity of
the native troops, 28; effects of
their local dispersion, 30; forma-
tion of irregular corps, 32; systems
of native education, 38; doubtful
value of the Queen's Proclama-
tion, 471; reaction of English
opinion in favour of a native aris-
tocracy, 479; transmission of in-
heritance by adoption proposed by
Lord Canning, 481; history of
Councils in, 483; evils of a Cal-
cutta legislature, 485; wholesome
influence of Parliamentary discus-
sion, 486; increase of European
forces after the mutiny, ib. (see
Indian Army); effects of the mu-
tiny on finance, 491; justice of the
income tax, 493; land-taxation,
ib.; promised reform of land-
settlements, 496
India, introduction of the chinchona
plant, cxviii. 508; demand for bark
and quinine in, 513 note. See
Chinchona, Neilgherry Hills, and
Markham, Clements
- rapid progress of prosperity in,
cxix. 96; good results of the mu-
tiny, 97; surplus in the revenue
of, 99; increase of exports, 100;
Board of Trade returns, 101; oil
seeds and jute, 102; tea cultiva-
tion in Assam, 102; in the North-
Western Provinces, 105; first in-
troduction of coffee, 109; coffee-
planting in Mysore, ib.; prospects
of the cotton trade, 110; manu-
facture of gins for cleaning cotton,
113; indigo cultivation, ib.; quar-
rels of planters and ryots, 114;
extortions of native agents, 115;
new phase of the dispute, 116 note; policy of the Government vindicated, ib.; want of increased communication, 117; system of railways, 118; engineering triumphs, 119; traffic receipts, ib. ; feeders needed for the trunk lines, 120; history of canals in, 122; the Delhi and Jumna canals, 123; stupendous importance of the Ganges Canal, ib.; increase in works of irrigation, 124; schemes proposed for Orissa and Berar, 125; weirs on the Krishna and Godavery, 126128; value of the telegraph during the mutiny, 134; telegraphic communication with England, 135; primitive substratum of savage superstition in, 390; prevalent belief in blood-sacrifice, 391, ancient tutelary village gods, ib.; remnants of primitive tribes separate from Hinduism, 392; the Khônds, 393; their human sacrifices to obtain good crops, 394; General Campbell's special agency to suppress the practice, 397; its entire success, 401; female infanticide among the Rajpoot tribes, 404; services of Major Walker, 405; conviction of the Rajah of Rajkot, 409; success of Mr. Willoughby's exertions, ib.; need of further returns on infanticide, ib.; Thuggee and Dacoity, 410; energy of Indian officials, 411
India, rock-cut temples of, cxxii.
371; hill-fort of Dowlatabâd, 372; traces of ancient cities, 373; Ellora, 374; labour of excavation, 378; Buddhist memorials, 379-382; the Milkmaid's cave in Berar, 383; other cave temples, ib.; peculiar interest of Buddhist temples, 384; wooden buildings, ib.; Buddhist monasteries and churches, ib.; caves at Ajunta, 385; classification by Mr. Fergusson, ib. ; question of their date, 387; photographs by
Major Gill, ib.; caves of Ajunta and Ellora described therefrom, 387-394; travel in the Dekhan, 395
India, peaceful effects of English civilisation in, cxxiv. 334; docility and industry of the people, ib.; bugbear of Russian invasion, 339
changes in Departmental government of, cxxv. 1, 2; the Indian Foreign Office, ib.; its wide scope of observation, 3; the war in Bhootan, 4-7 (see Bhootan); affairs in Affghanistan, 19-34 (see Shere Ali); absurd alarms of Russian invasion, 42; dangers of conterminous frontiers, 43; popular contempt of Russophobia, 44; present policy of inaction recommended, 47
costumes and textile fabrics of, cxxvi. 125; antiquity of weaving in, ib. ; origin of the 'Tantraváya' or weavers, 126; immutability of costumes, 127; allusions to ancient styles of clothing, 128; sculptures of dress in Hindoo temples, 130; frescoes at Ajunta, 131; no old mention of sewn garments, 133; use of bodices, 134; the 'saree,' ib.; the 'chôlee,' 135; costumes of Mahommedan women, ib.; male costumes, viz. the 'dhotee,' 136; the 'loongee,' 137; varieties of sewn garments, ib.; specimens collected by Dr. Forbes Watson, 138; question of imitation of woven garments by machinery, ib.; the dooputta' or scarf, 139; delicacy of Benares work, 140; muslin 'sehlas,' ib. 141; fine quality of native textures, ib.; silk sarees and 'pitambars' inimitable,' 142; faults of English manufacturers, 143; 'soussee' could be produced in England, 144; gold and silver thread must be imported, 145; spinning of fine cotton yarn, 146; quality of Dacca muslins, ib.
chintzes and printed cloths, 147;
question of 'size,' 148; supe-
riority of Cashmere shawls, ib. ;
beauty of native carpets, 149
India, the High Court and Council
established by the Regulation
Act, cxxvii. 181; the Rohilla war,
ib. 189
French settlements in, Major
Malleson's valuable history of,
cxxvii. 537; origin of, 538; the
French India Company, 539; firm
conduct of Dumas to the Mah-
rattas in 1740, 540; character and
government of Dupleix, 542; his
scheme to expel the English from
Southern India, 543; hostility be-
tween Pondicherry and Madras,
544; expedition of Labourdonnais,
ib.; surrender of Madras, 547;
treaty for its restoration, 550; in-
terference of the Nabob of the
Carnatic, 551; restitution of
Madras at the Peace of Aix-la-
Chapelle, 552; campaign around
Trichinopoly, ib.; Dupleix dis-
graced, 553; arrival of Godehen,
ib.; Bussy's defeat of the Mahrat-
tas, 556; plot of Syud Lushkur
Khan, 557; Godehen's peace fatal
to the French power, 558; Lally's
expedition and character, ib. 559.
See Dupleix, M., and Labour-
donnais, M. de
decay of popular tales in,
cxxviii. 352. See Hindoo Fairy
Legends
want of local works on, cxxix.
200; alleged unchangeable cha-
racter of the natives, ib.; stress of
official life in, 201; peculiarities
of social intercourse in rural dis-
tricts, 202; Brahminical apathy to
foreign conquest, 217; social
benefits of British rule, 218; ad-
ministration of, must be varied in
character, 227; able pamphlet of
Major Chesney, 228; present state
of transition in, 474; phenomenon
of British rule in, 475; Protestant
missionaries, ib.; English verses
by Young Bengal,' 476; English
'loafers,' 477; hereditary trans-
mission of caste, 479
India, M. Jacquemont on the pro-
bable spread of Christianity in,
cxxx. 77 note; marriages of British
subjects in, 295; proposals of the
Commission of 1865 thereon, ib.
Imperial responsibility co-
extensive with absoluteness of
power, cxxxi. 102; present system
of Viceregal government, 308;
military strength increased by
railways, 320; the land question,
322; Punjab Tenancy Act, 327;
Conservative and Radical parties
in, 329; merits of British and
native rule compared, ib. 334;
case of the former summed up,
335; Mr. Massey's license-tax,
378
opening of the submarine
cable to, cxxxii. 247, 249
Russian intrigues in 1838,
cxxxiii. 329, 331
services of European adven-
turers in, during the last century,
cxxxiv. 361, 382; Mahratta domi-
nation, 383; British interposition
vindicated, ib.; lessons of native
disciplined forces, 389; superiority
of British troops, 390
original coast surveys of,
cxxxv. 197; marine surveying
after 1832, 198; land surveys in
the last century, 199; later trian-
gulation, 200; the gridiron sys-
tem,' 201; topographical surveys,
202; Mr. Markham's excellent
account thereof, ib.; early history
of the Central Provinces, 203;
recent reforms therein, 204; their
present limits, ib.; the Vindhyas
and Sátpúr., 205; the Gónds,
207; Aryan cnquerors and Raj-
poot tribes, ib. local dynasties
suppressed by Mol. nmedans, 209;
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