HeatMacmillan, 1884 - 368 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
absolute temperature absolute zero absorption adiabatic amount of heat applied atmosphere black body boiling boiling-point bulb carbonic acid Carnot's circuit coefficient cold colder column condensation conductivity constant convection cooling copper corresponding cylinder definite density diagram dilatation direction electric employed energy equal expansion experiment experimental fact farther galvanometer gases give given glass Hence hot body hydrogen inclosure increase indicator diagram iron isothermal Joule junctions kinetic latent heat liquid lower mass measured melting melting-point mercury metal method mixture motion ordinary particles passing Peltier effect perature plate pound pressure produced quantity of heat raised range of temperature ratio rays Regnault rise of temperature scale solid specific heat steam substance suppose surface tempera theory thermal thermal capacity thermal conductivity thermo-electric thermometer Thomson Thomson effect tion tube ture units of heat vapour vessel volume wave-length whole wire
Popular passages
Page 366 - Now let us suppose that such a vessel is divided into two portions, A and B, by a division in which there is a small hole, and that a being, who can see the individual molecules, opens and closes this hole, so as to allow only the swifter molecules to pass from A to B, and only the slower ones to pass from B to A. He will thus, without expenditure of work, raise the temperature of B and lower that of A, in contradiction to the second law of thermodynamics.
Page 366 - But if we conceive a being whose faculties are so sharpened that he can follow every molecule in its course...
Page 14 - If the action of an agent be measured by the product of its force into its velocity ; and if, similarly, the reaction of the resistance be measured by the velocities of its several parts into their several forces, whether these arise from friction, cohesion, weight, or acceleration ;— action and reaction, in all combinations of machines, will be equal and opposite.
Page 13 - To every action there is always an equal and contrary reaction ; or the mutual actions of any two bodies are always equal and oppositely directed.
Page 69 - Or the absolute values of two temperatures are to one another in the proportion of the heat taken in to the heat rejected in a perfect thermodynamic engine, working with a source and a refrigerator at the higher and lower of the temperatures respectively.
Page 239 - If in two large tall cylindrical Vessels of Glass inverted, two little Thermometers be suspended so as not to touch the Vessels, and the Air be drawn out of one of these Vessels, and these Vessels thus prepared be carried out of a cold place into a warm one ; the Thermometer in vacuo will grow warm as much and almost as soon as the Thermometer which is not in -vacuo.
Page 30 - When equal quantities of mechanical effect are produced by any means whatever from purely thermal sources, or lost in purely thermal effects, equal quantities of heat are put out of existence or are generated.
Page 25 - And, in reasoning on this subject, we must not forget to consider that most remarkable circumstance, that the source of heat generated by friction, in these experiments, appeared evidently to be inexhaustible. It is hardly necessary to add, that anything which any insulated body, or system of bodies, can continue to furnish without limitation, cannot possibly be a material substance: and it appears to me to be extremely...
Page 240 - Medium exceedingly more rare and subtile than the Air, and exceedingly more elastick and active? And doth it not readily pervade all Bodies? And is it not (by its elastick force) expanded through all the Heavens?
Page 27 - From this experiment it is evident that ice by friction is converted into water, and according to the supposition, its capacity is diminished ; but it is a well-known fact, that the capacity of water for heat is much greater than that of ice ; and ice must have an absolute quantity of heat added to it, before it can be converted into water. Friction consequently does not diminish the capacities of bodies for heat.