An Introduction to the Study of ChemistryH. Holt, 1886 - 387 pages |
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acid acts action takes place aluminium ammonia ammonium arsenic atomic weights atoms of hydrogen barium blow-pipe bromine burning called carbon dioxide caustic potash caustic soda charcoal chemical changes chemistry chlo chloric acid chlorine color colorless combine with oxygen combining weights combustion composition compounds containing copper crystals decomposed decomposition dissolves elements equation EXPERIMENT fact filter flame flask formed formula gases glass grams H₂O H₂SO heat hydro hydrochloric acid hydrogen and oxygen hydrogen sulphide hydroxide insoluble iodine iron known large number lead light lime liquid magnesium manganese dioxide mercury metal mixture molecules nitrate nitric acid nitrogen nitrous obtained ordinary temperatures oxide oxygen passed phosphorus piece platinum potassium chlorate potassium nitrate precipitate properties proportion quantity reaction represented salt silicate silicon silver sodium carbonate sodium chloride soluble in water specific gravity stances substances sulphate sulphuric acid test-tube tion treated tube vapor vessel volumes of hydrogen zinc
Popular passages
Page 213 - A careful study of the conduct of gases has led to the conclusion that equal volumes of all gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Page 243 - The needles belong to the monoclinic system of crystals, and the octahedrons to the rhombic system. Crystallography. — Notwithstanding the infinite number of forms assumed by solids in passing from the liquid to the solid state and when deposited from solutions, it has been shown that all can be referred to a very few systems. Usually six systems are adopted. These are : 1. THE REGULAR SYSTEM. All the crystals belonging to this system can be referred to three axes of equal length, and at right...
Page 27 - Very frequently the first letter of the name of the element is used as the symbol. If the names of two or more elements begin with the same letter, this letter is used, but some other letter of the name is added.
Page 216 - ... experiments on the combination of gases were explained in terms of Dalton's atomic theory by the Italian physicist Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856) professor of physics at Turin. He pointed out that the discovery of the simple ratios of volume in which gases combine leads at once to the view that equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules.
Page 339 - ... to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the same weight of water one degree is called the Specific Heat of the given substance.
Page 267 - Mix together about equal small quantities of arsenic tri oxide and finely powdered charcoal. Heat the mixture in a small dry tube of hard glass, closed at one end. The arsenic which is set free will be deposited on the walls of the tube in the form of a mirror, like that obtained in Experiment 120. Arsenic forms with oxygen and hydrogen an acid of the formula H,As04, known as arsenic acid, which is analogous to orthophosphoric acid.
Page 224 - This is indicated by a consideration of the volumes of hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen, and nitrogen which combine with one another. As we have seen, 1 volume of hydrogen combines with 1 volume of chlorine, forming 2 volumes of hydrochloric acid. This is the simplest relation conceivable. Further, 1 volume of oxygen combines with 2 volumes of hydrogen, forming 2 volumes of water vapor. In this case we get 2 volumes of the product from 3 volumes of the combining gases. Apparently the oxygen so influences...
Page 123 - Enclose 60 to 80 cc. air in the tube over water. Arrange the tube so that the level of the water inside and outside is the same. Note the temperature of the air and the height of the barometer. Reduce the observed volume to standard conditions. Now introduce a piece of phosphorus, as in Experiment 24, and allow it to stand for twenty-four hours.
Page 89 - This expresses the fact that water is composed of 2 parts by weight of hydrogen and 16 parts by weight of oxygen, or 1 part of the former to 8 parts of the latter.
Page 327 - Heat a small piece of zinc on charcoal in the oxidizing flame of the blowpipe. The white fumes of zinc oxide (philosopher's wool) will be seen, and the charcoal will be covered with a film which is yellow while hot, but becomes white on cooling.