Elements of chemistry: theoretical and practical, Volume 1

Front Cover
J. Wiley, 1867
 

Contents

Law of Definite Proportions ib 10 Law of Multiple Proportions
16
Law of Equivalent Proportions
18
Equivalent Numbers
19
12a Hypothesis of Atomic Constitution of Matter
21
Symbolic Notation
23
Varieties of Molecular Force PAGE
25
Law of Volumes
26
Application of the Law of Equivalent Proportions
30
Equivalency of the Elements
32
CHAPTER II
34
English System of Weights and Measures
35
The Balance
37
Specific Gravity
38
Specific Gravity of Liquids
39
Specific Gravity of Solids
40
The Hydrometer
42
Correction for Weighings taken in Air
43
ElasticityMechanical Properties of Gases 4463
44
Elasticity of Solids and Liquids 27 Boyles or Marriottes Law of Elasticity in Gases
45
Repulsion among the particles of Gases 29 The AirPump 30 AirPump with a Single Barrel 31 Elasticity of the
48
The Condensing Syringe 33 Weight of the
50
The Household Pump
52
The Pressure Gauge and Barometer
53
The Syphon
55
Downward Pressure of the Atmosphere
56
The Pneumatic Trough 39 The Gas Holder
58
The Mercurial Trough 41 Correction of Gases for Pressure
59
Density of the Atmosphere at different heights
61
Cohesion 43 Measurement of Cohesion 44 Reunion of Divided Surfaces
63
Cohesion of Solids
64
Cohesion of Liquids
65
Influence of Heat on Cohesion
66
PARAGRAPH PAGE 58 Diffusion of LiquidsMode of measuring it
80
Laws of the Diffusion of Liquids
81
Endosmosis and Exosmosis
86
DialysisCrystalloidsColloids
91
Flow of Liquids through Capillary Tubes
92
Mechanism of Undulation
93
Transparency and Opacity
94
Adhesion of Gases to LiquidsSolubility of Gases
95
Rumfords Photometer
96
Adhesion of Gases to Solids
97
Reflection from Curved Surfaces
98
Refraction
99
Desiccation of Gases
100
Refraction at Inclined Surfaces
101
Total Reflection
102
Wollastons Method of ascertaining Refractive Power
103
44
104
Diffusion of Gases IOI 68 Effusion of Gases
105
Passage of Gases through Diaphragms
108
70a Passage of Gases through Metallic Septa III
111
48
113
Separation of Bodies by Cold or Heat
115
Crystallization 116144
116
Modes of obtaining Crystals
117
Separation of Salts by the process of Crystallization
119
Circumstances which modify Crystalline Form
120
49
121
Development of Crystalline Form in Solids
122
Structure of CrystalsCleavage
123
Goniometers
125
The Reflecting Goniometer
126
Symmetry of Crystalline Form
127
Classification of Crystals
129
Isomorphism
135
Chemical bearings of Isomorphism
137
Isomorphous Groups
138
Dimorphism
139
Allotropy
142
Anomalous Expansion of Water
143
CHAPTER IV
144
Sources of Light
145
Process of taking Specific Gravity of Gases
146
Determination of the Specific Gravity of Vapours
147
Theory of UndulationReflectionRefraction Prismatic Analysis 148201
148
Illustration of Undulations from Sound ib 92 Varieties of SoundQualityPitch
149
156
156
161
161
167
167
Influence of Pressure on the Boiling Point
182
Measurement of Heights by the Boiling Point
183
PAGE
184
Production of Cold during Evaporation
185
Measurement of the Latent Heat of Vapours
186
Economical Applications of Steam
187
DistillationCoffeys Still
188
Evaporation
189
Daltons Law of the Tension of Vapours
190
Limit of Evaporation
191
Circumstances which influence the Rate of Evaporation
192
Dew Point
193
Daniells Hygrometer
194
Wet Bulb Hygrometer
195
Liquefaction and Solidification of Gases
196
Pressure exerted by Condensed Gases
197
Spheroidal State produced by Heat
198
Fixed Lines in the SpectrumFraunhofers LinesBright Lines
199
Double RefractionPolarization 201214
201
Influence of Crystalline Form on Double Refraction
203
Polarization of Light by Double Refraction 120 Polarization by Reflection
205
Distinction between Common and Polarized Light
207
Influence of Light on Chemical Attraction
214
Preparation of Magnets
217
Necessity of Chemical Action to produce Voltaic Action
258
Polarization and Transfer of the Elements of the Liquid
259
PyrometersDaniells Pyrometer
260
Energy of the Current proportionate to the Chemical Activity 465
261
262
262
General Summary
263
264
264
Daniells Battery
265
203
266
Smees Battery
267
Resistances to the Voltaic Current
268
Differences between a Simple and a Compound Circuit
269
Ohms Formulæ
270
Chemical Decomposition
271
Equilibrium of Temperature 149 Conduction in Solids Liquids and Gases
272
Further Application of Ohms Formula
273
Wheatstones Rheostat and Resistance Coils Resistance
274
Processes of Voltaic Discharge
275
Inequality in the Rate of Conduction in different Directions
276
Convection of Heat
277
Ventilation
279
Trade WindsLand and Seabreezes
281
Radiation of Heat
282
Connexion between Absorption and Radiation
285
Formation of
286
Law of Cooling by Radiation
288
Relative Absorbability of different kinds of Heat
289
Transmission of Heat through ScreensDiathermacy
290
Diathermacy of Gases and Vapours
294
Influence of Structure on Diathermacy
296
Refraction of Heat
297
Separation of Radiant Heat from Light 167 Double Refraction and Polarization of Heat III Specific HeatLatent Heat 284 285
298
Specific Heat
301
ib 50
302
Variation in amount of Specific Heat according to Physical State
307
Specific Heat of Gases and Vapours
308
Relation of Specific Heat to Atomic Weight
310
53
313
Atomic Heats of Compounds
314
ib 61 6367 63
315
Disappearance of Heat during LiquefactionLatent Heat 175 Freezing mixtures
321
Regelation of
326
Evolution of Heat during Solidification
327
Disappearance of Heat during the formation of Vapour
328
Ebullition
329
Adhesion
332
205
333
208
335
433
336
35
350
Cements Gases
354
Capillary Action
359
Chemical Combination 372393
373
The Quantity of Heat developed in Chemical Action is definite
374
Researches of Favre and Silbermann 204 Influence of Dimorphism 205 Heat evolved during Decomposition 374 ib
377
Quantities of Heat Evolved during Combustion
379
381
381
Combustion of Compounds 207 Indirect Methods of Estimating Calorific Equivalents 208 Mercurial Calorimeter 209 Heat Evolved during Metallic ...
386
Calorific Equivalents of Elements 211 Heat Evolved during the Action of Acids on Bases 212 Heat Absorbed during Solution of Salts
392
CHAPTER VI
394
Leading Characters of Magnetic Action 216 Magnetic Induction
396
PARAGRAPH
402
Galvanic or Voltaic Electricity 450553
450
Influence of Solids in Solution upon the Boiling Point
494
521
519
Electrochemical Actions
520
Electrolysis of Salts
521
Bearing of Electrolysis on the Theory of Salts
523
Unequal Transfer of Ions during Electrolysis
528
Electrovection or Electrical Endosmose
530
Secondary results of Electrolysis
533
Nascent State of Bodies
536
Theory of the Electrical Origin of Chemical Attraction
538
Electrotype or Voltatype Processes
541
Preparation of Moulds for Electrotyping
543
Electrozincing
544
Electroplating
545
Electrogilding
547
Resemblances between Static and Voltaic Electricity 298 Delucs Dry PileZambonis Pile 299 Water Battery
551
Law of ElectroMagnetic Action
553
Ampères Theory of ElectroMagnetism
559
Electric Telegraph
565
310
572
Henrys Coils
582
314
586
315a Absolute Measures of ElectroMagnetic Quantities
592
Variation in degree of Capillary Action of Liquids 52 Capillary Depression of Mercury 53 Extensive Operation of Capillary Actions 54 Influence of ...
598
Electrical Phenomena exhibited by the Torpedo
599
321
601
Magnetism of Bodies in general
605
68
620
Effect of the Analyser in rotating the Plane of Polarization
621
75
625
79
626
Colours in Plates cut perpendicular to the Axis 209 126 Coloured Rotatory Circular Polarization 211
627
327
628
536
629
396
631
541
634
Magnetic Polarization
636
214
637
List of Magnetic and Diamagnetic Bodies
642
Summary of the effects produced by the Conducting Wire
643

Other editions - View all

Common terms and phrases

Bibliographic information