Chemical physicsJ. W. Parker and son, 1860 |
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Common terms and phrases
adhesion ammonia amount angles atmosphere atom axes axis barometer baryta battery becomes bismuth bodies boiling point bulk capillary carbonic acid charcoal chemical action chemical affinity chloride cohesion coil colour column combination compound condensed conducting power conductor copper crystals cubic inches cylinder degree density diamagnetic diameter diffusion direction dissolved effect elasticity electricity equal equivalent ether exhibit experiment force galvanometer gases glass grains hydrochloric acid hydrogen increases intensity iron latent heat length Leyden jar light liquid magnetic measured melted mercury metals millimetres needle nitrate nitric acid nitrogen oblique observed obtained octohedron oxide oxygen particles passes placed plane plate platinum polarized portion potash pressure prism produced proportion quantity rays reflected refrangible rhombohedron salt shown silver similar soda solid soluble solution specific gravity steam substances sulphate sulphuric acid surface temperature thermometer thermoscope tion transmitted transparent tube vapour vessel voltaic volume weight whilst wire zinc
Popular passages
Page 179 - It seems possible to account for all the phenomena of heat, if it be supposed that in solids the particles are in a constant state of vibratory motion, the particles of the hottest bodies moving with the greatest velocity...
Page 179 - ... and elastic fluids, besides the vibratory motion, which must be conceived greatest in the last, the particles have a motion round their own axes, with different velocities, the particles of elastic fluids moving with the greatest quickness ; and that in...
Page 425 - Electric Telegraph. — The most important and remarkable of the uses which have been made of electricity, consists in its application to telegraphic purposes ; an application which has not only brought distant towns upon the same island or continent within the means of instantaneous communication with each other, but which has spanned the seas, and placed an insular metropolis like London within momentary reach of the distant capitals of the continent. It would be impossible in a work like the present,...
Page 50 - And why did the water rush into it?" Tom hesitated. "Was it not, think you, owing to the pressure of the atmosphere upon the surface of the water? When you raised the piston, the air above it was also. raised, and ultimately driven out by the force of the ascending piston; and since the air could not find any entrance from below as long as the point was under the water, the interior of the squirt would necessarily have remained quite...
Page 179 - Temperature may be conceived to depend upon the velocities of the vibrations; increase of capacity on the motion being performed in greater space ; and the diminution of temperature during the conversion of solids into fluids or gases, may be explained on the idea of the loss of vibratory motion, in consequence of the revolution of particles round their axes, at the moment when the body becomes fluid or aeriform, or from the loss of rapidity of vibration in consequence of the motion of the particles...
Page 334 - ... air than from the same conductor negatively charged, as may be seen in using the electrophorus. The greater facility with which positive electricity traverses the air may also be shown in the following manner : — Colour a card with vermilion ; unscrew the balls, a, 5, from the discharger. fig. 190, and place the points on opposite sides of the card, one about half an inch above the other ; discharge a large jar through the card. It will be perforated opposite the wire attached to the negative...
Page 173 - Substances are said to be optically active when they produce rotation of the plane of polarisation of a ray of polarised light which passes through them. The rotation may be either to the right or to the left, according to the nature of the substance ; in the former case the substance is said to be dextro-rotatory ; in the latter, Izvo-rotatory.
Page 222 - ... bodies simultaneously give off both species. As the intensity of heating still further increases, rays of less and less length are given off, until they arrive at the limit of the perceptibility of the sense of vision, and only render their existence manifest by chemical and phosphorogenic effects. The following table exhibits some of the results which Melloni obtained by experimenting with different sources of heat and different substances : Relative absorbability of different kinds of heat...
Page 308 - He assumes that all particles of matter are more or less conductors; that in their quiescent state they are not arranged in a polarized form, but become so by the influence of contiguous and charged particles. They then assume a forced state, and tend to return, by a powerful tension, to their original normal position ; that being more or less conductors the particles charge either bodily or by polarity ; that contiguous particles can communicate their forces more or less readily one to the other....
Page 407 - To these laws may be added a sixth — viz. : — 6. Those bodies only are electrolytes which are composed of a conductor and a non-conductor. The conductors accumulate on the platinode, the non-conductors on the zincode. For example, iodide of lead when melted conducts the current ; metallic lead, which is a conductor, accumulates at the platinode ; whilst iodine, which is a non-conductor even when melted, collects at the zincode. On the other hand, red chloride of sulphur...