Natural Philosophy for Beginners: With Numerous Examples, Part 2Macmillan, 1877 |
Contents
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Other editions - View all
Natural Philosophy for Beginners: With Numerous Examples, Part 2 Isaac Todhunter No preview available - 2023 |
Natural Philosophy for Beginners: With Numerous Examples, Part 2 Isaac Todhunter No preview available - 2023 |
Natural Philosophy for Beginners: With Numerous Examples, Part 2 Isaac Todhunter No preview available - 2016 |
Common terms and phrases
achromatic angle of incidence body called centre colours concave concave lens convex lens corresponding crown glass curve denote deviation diagram of Art diameter direction distance of q equal example expansion experiment eye glass eye piece fact feet focal length freezing heat Hence Iceland spar incident ray index of refraction lenses liquid medium mercury nearly object glass observed obtained optic axis ordinary ray origin of light parallel rays particles pass perpendicular placed plane of polarisation plane reflector plate polarised light position pressure principal focus prism proceed produced proportion radius ray of light rays falling reciprocal red ray reflected reflecting telescopes refracted ray refracting angle refracting surface respect retina right angles rings round shew shewn sine solid spectrum sphere spherical reflector straight line suppose telescope temperature theory thermometer thickness tourmaline tube vapour various velocity of sound vessel vibrations violet ray wave
Popular passages
Page 360 - ... destroy every plant capable of being destroyed by a freezing temperature. The warmth of our fields and gardens would pour itself unrequited into space, and the sun would rise upon an island held fast in the iron grip of frost. The aqueous vapour constitutes a local dam, by which the temperature at the earth's surface is deepened : the dam, however, finally overflows, and we give to space all that we receive from the sun.
Page 7 - The real enemy to the transmission of sound through the atmosphere has, I think, been clearly revealed by the foregoing inquiry. That enemy has been proved to be not rain, nor hail, nor haze, nor fog, nor snow — not water in fact in either a liquid or a solid form, but water in a vaporous form, mingled with air so as to render it acoustically turbid and flocculent. This acoustic turbidity often occurs on days of surprising optical transparency. Any system of measures, therefore, founded on the...
Page 104 - When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, it is refracted so that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities in the two media.
Page 380 - It is impossible, by the unaided action of natural processes, to transform any part of the heat of a body into mechanical work, except by allowing heat to pass from that body into another at a lower temperature.
Page 248 - It is a theory," says Herschel, " which, if not founded in nature, is certainly one of the happiest fictions that the genius of man has yet invented to group together natural phenomena, as well as the most fortunate in the support it has received from all classes of new phenomena, which at their discovery seemed in irreconcileable opposition to it.
Page 348 - In defining the unit of heat it is necessary to specify the temperature of the water because the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water through one degree varies slightly at different temperatures.
Page 169 - They are nearly 600 in number : the largest of them subtends an angle of from 5" to 10". From their distinctness, and the facility with which they may be found, seven of these lines, viz. B, C, D, E, F, G, H, have been particularly distinguished by M. Fraunhofer. Of these B lies in the red space, near its outer end ; C, which is broad and black, is beyond the middle of the red ; D is in the orange, and is a strong double line, easily seen, the two lines being nearly of the same size, and separated...
Page 263 - In general, the plane determined by an incident ray and the normal to the surface at the point of incidence is called the plane of incidence.
Page 262 - REFLEXION. (1) The incident ray, the normal to the surface at the point of incidence, and the reflected ray lie in one plane.
Page 104 - The incident and refracted rays lie in the same plane with the normal to the surface at the point of incidence, and on opposite sides of it.