Colloid Chemistry, Theoretical and Applied: Theory and methodsJerome Alexander Chemical Catalog Company, 1926 |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
acid adsorbed adsorption aerosol aggregates alcohol amorphous aqueous atoms benzene Brownian Brownian movement butyric acid capillary carbon carbon tetrachloride cent charge Chem chemical chloride coagulation coefficient colloid solution colored substance concentration condensation congo red constant corresponding crystalline crystals decrease degree of dispersion density diameter dilution drop droplets dust effect electric electrolytes electrons emulsoid equation equilibrium ethyl film flocculation force formation friction gamboge gases gelatin given glass gum arabic heat increase interface ions jellies kinetic layer light liquid lubricant method micell mixture molecular weight molecules neat soap nematic nuclei observed obtained opalescence orientation particles phase phase rule Phys plane polar precipitation curves pressure radiations reacting solutions salt scattering shows smectic smectic substances sodium sodium chloride solid solubility solvent structure sulfur surface energy surface tension suspension temperature theory tion ultramicroscopic vapor velocity viscosity volume wave length
Popular passages
Page 3 - It is the glory of God to conceal a thing : but the honour of kings is to search out a matter.
Page 127 - A heterogenous system is made up of different portions, each in itself homogeneous, but marked off in space and separated from the other portions by bounding surfaces. These homogeneous, physically distinct and mechanically separable portions are called phases.
Page 221 - AT ANY SURFACE OR INTERFACE THE CHANGE WHICH OCCURS IS SUCH AS TO MAKE THE TRANSITION TO THE ADJACENT PHASE LESS ABRUPT.
Page 177 - ... jerked up against gravity to this plate. The result is that after a lapse of 7 or 8 seconds the field of view has become quite clear save for a relatively small number of drops which have just the right ratio of charge to mass to be held suspended by the electric field. These appear as perfectly distinct bright points. I have on several occasions obtained but one single such "star" in the whole field and held it there for nearly a minute.
Page 25 - A most striking example of optimum dispersion is found In living matter. Figuratively speaking, if all the chemical substances comprising our organism were in true or crystalloid dispersion, reactions would proceed so rapidly that we would, so to say, live ten years in ten minutes. On the other hand, if coarse dispersion prevailed, it would take ten years to live ten minutes.
Page 27 - Can any facts more strikingly illustrate the maxim that in nature there are no abrupt transitions, and that distinctions of class are never absolute ? 8.
Page 182 - ... slight convection currents. The column headed F is the time of ascent of the drop between the cross hairs under the action of the field. The column headed en is the value of the charge carried by the drop as computed from (4). The column headed n gives the number by which the values of the preceding column must be divided to obtain the numbers in the last column. The numbers in the en column are in general averages of all the observations of the table which are designated by the same numeral...
Page 197 - ... of the kinetic energy of molecular motion into the potential form, and that the amount of energy supplied in this form depends only upon the temperature; and is proportional to the temperature. The free energy of the surface is simply the difference between the total energy, which depends upon the structure of the surface, and the latent heat of the surface which is conditioned by the above law. It is easy to see why, on this basis, the surface tension or the free surface energy decreases with...
Page 204 - ... of components between different phases, interfaces, and surfaces (these will be designated by the term regions), and is of great importance in theories of ideal and non-ideal solutions. In other words, it is a theory of what is called by Washburn " the "thermodynamic environment.
Page 179 - ... in the field, evidently because it had captured in the one case a positive, in the other a negative, ion. This opened up the possibility of measuring with certainty > not merely the charges on individual droplets as I had been doing, but the charge carried by a single atmospheric ion. For by taking two speed measurements on the same drop, one before and one after it had caught an ion, I could obviously eliminate entirely the properties of the drop and of the medium and deal with a quantity which...