Handbook to the Special Loan Collection of Scientific Apparatus 1876Chapman and Hall, 1876 - 339 pages |
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anemometer angle apparatus application Arctic arrangement atoms axis barometer body called Cape Walker Captain chart chemical circle circuit coast colour compound conductor connected constructed crystal crystallographic curvature curves cylinder depends determined developable surface direction discovered discovery effect electric electrometers employed exhibited F.R.S. Professor force gases geological geometrical glass goniometer heat Hipparchus important inches India instruments investigation Island King William Island land length lenses light lines of curvature liquid machine magnetic maps matter means measured mechanical ment mercury metals method microscope minerals mirror models motion Novaya Zemlya object observations obtained optical P. G. Tait phenomena phlogiston physical plane plate polarisation polariscope position pressure principle prism produced properties quantity rays refraction rocks rotation scale scientific screw sections solid Spitzbergen stauroscope Strait surface surveys T. H. Huxley telescope temperature thermometer tion tube vapour various velocity vertical vessel vibration voyage wire
Popular passages
Page 41 - These are the five regular solids, the tetrahedron, the cube, the octahedron, the dodecahedron, and the icosahedron.
Page 127 - If an engine be such that, when it is worked backwards, the physical and mechanical agencies in every part of its motions are all reversed (see § 89), it produces as much mechanical effect as can be produced by any thermodynamic engine, with the same temperatures of source and refrigerator, from a given quantity of heat.
Page 155 - ... attainable limit of potential, the amount of the charge can be increased only by increasing its capacity — or, in other words, the ratio of the quantity to the potential of the charge. The most effectual way of doing this is to place another conductor near the one that is to be charged, and to give a charge of the opposite kind to that of the latter. This is done in the instruments known as ' Electrical Condensers and Accumulators,' of which the Leyden jar is the most familiar example. In this...
Page xii - ... treasured as sacred relics, as well as apparatus in present use in the laboratories of professors. The transport of all objects was undertaken by the English Government, and they were to be handed over absolutely to the custody of the Science and Art Department for exhibition ; the arrangement being not by countries but strictly according to the general classification.
Page 127 - When equal quantities of mechanical effect are produced by any means whatever from purely thermal sources, or lost in purely thermal effects, equal quantities of heat are put out of existence or are generated.
Page xxiii - Applied Mechanics. As the Exhibition must be regarded as chiefly referring to education, research, and other scientific purposes, it must in this division consist principally of models, diagrams, mechanical drawings, and small machines, illustrative of the principles and progress of mechanical science, and of the application of mechanics to the arts. Properties of Materials. Structures at Rest and in Motion. Prime Movers. • Reservoirs of Energy. Regulators. The Application of the Principles of...
Page 115 - If then light, which has been previously polarized, be transmitted, it will be extinguished in the two parts of the field of view in positions which lie close together, and the light will become uniform in a position midway between these. This position determines the plane in which the incident light was polarized with a precision much greater than has been otherwise attained. Professor Jellett stated that the different observations did not differ from one another by an angle greater than a minute,...
Page 131 - BOILING. Experiment enables us to state for this phenomenon a law precisely similar to that of § 142, viz. — The pressure remaining the same, there is a definite boilingpoint for the free surface of every liquid ; and (provided the mass be stirred) however much heat be applied, the temperature of the whole remains at the boiling-point till the last particle is evaporated.
Page 28 - ... the opinion of Sir William Thomson, present no insuperable difficulty. The kinematical principle employed in this integrating machine is due to Professor James Thomson, and consists in the transmission of rotation from a disk or cone to a cylinder by the intervention of a loose sphere, which presses by its weight on the disk and cylinder, or on the cone and cylinder, as the case may be ; the pressure being sufficient to give the necessary frictional coherence at each point of rolling contact....
Page 237 - ... on chained distances. The third class of maps includes the work of explorers of unknown or little known regions, and of geographers who delineate the features of such regions by compilation and by intelligent collation of the. work of travellers. There are thus three grand divisions in the character and uses of maps. There are first those which aim at minute accuracy, and which are intended as docurrsnts for administrative purposes, and in pursuing exact statistical investigations.