The Physical Properties of Colloidal Solutions

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Longmans, Green and Company, 1916 - 200 pages
 

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Page 8 - ... usually occurring in the act of solution, becomes barely perceptible. The liquid is always sensibly gummy or viscous when concentrated. The colloid, although often dissolved in a large proportion by its solvent, is held in solution by a singularly feeble force. Hence colloids are generally displaced and precipitated by the addition to their solution of any substance from the other class. Of all the properties of liquid colloids, their slow diffusion in water, and their arrest by colloidal septa,...
Page 99 - ... because of the state of tenuity and division which it permitted with the preservation of its integrity as a metallic body ; because of its supposed simplicity of character ; and because known phenomena appeared to indicate that a mere variation in the size of its particles gave rise to a variety of resultant colours.
Page 39 - Some specimens, however, of the fluid, of a weak purple or violet colour, remain for months without any appearance of settling, so that the particles must be exceedingly divided ; still the rays of the sun or even of a candle in a dark room, when collected by a lens, will manifest their presence. The highest powers of the microscope have not as yet rendered visible either the ruby or the violet particles in any of these fluids. Glass is occasionally...
Page 100 - ... suitable forces are caused to act on the ether at all points where the inertia is altered. These forces have the same period and direction as the undisturbed luminous vibrations themselves. The light actually emitted laterally is thus the same as would be caused by forces exactly the opposite of those acting on the medium otherwise free from disturbance, and it only remains to see what the effect of such forces would be. In the first place there is necessarily a complete symmetry around the direction...
Page 155 - Let us suppose that, in order to produce the aggregation of colloidal particles which constitutes coagulation, a certain minimum electrical charge has to be brought within reach of a colloidal group, and that such conjunctions must occur with a certain minimum frequency throughout the solution.
Page 52 - ... particles themselves, their unstable equilibrium in the fluid in which they are suspended, their hygrometrical or capillary action, and in some cases the disengagement of volatile matter, or of minute air bubbles, — have been considered by several writers as sufficiently accounting for the appearances. Some of the alleged causes here stated, with others which I have considered it unnecessary to mention, are not likely to be overlooked or to deceive observers of any experience in microscopical...
Page 8 - The inquiry suggests itself whether the colloid molecule may not be constituted by the grouping together of a number of smaller crystalloid molecules, and whether the basis of colloidality may not really be this composite character of the molecule.
Page 100 - According to our hypothesis, the foreign matter may be supposed to load the ether, so as to increase its inertia without altering its resistance to distortion. If the particles were away, the wave would pass on unbroken and no light would be emitted laterally. Even with the particles retarding the motion of the ether, the same will be true if, to counterbalance the increased inertia, suitable forces are caused to act on the ether at all points where the inertia is altered. These forces have the same...
Page 7 - Every physical and chemical property is characteristically modified in each class. They appear like different worlds of matter, and give occasion to a corresponding division of chemical science. The distinction between these kinds of matter is that subsisting between the material of a mineral and the material of an organized mass.

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