Atomic Structure and Lifetimes: A Conceptual ApproachCambridge University Press, 2003 M10 30 - 267 pages This book presents a new approach to introductory graduate courses on atomic structure. The author's approach utilizes conceptually powerful semiclassical modeling methods, and demonstrates the degree to which the Maslov-indexed EBK quantization elucidates the quantum mechanical formulation of level energies and lifetimes. It merges this with an update and extension of semiempirical data systematizations developed by Bengt Edlén to describe complex atoms, and adapts them to include the specification of lifetimes. The text emphasizes the historical basis of the nomenclature and methodologies of spectroscopy. However, interaction mechanisms are presented deductively, based on quantum mechanical and field theoretical models, rather than tracing their indirect paths of discovery. Many worked examples provide applications to areas such as astrophysics, hyperfine structure, and coherent anisotropic excitation. The book presents a firm foundation for specialists in atomic physics, as well as a capstone application for specialists in astrophysics, chemistry, condensed matter, and other related fields. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
12 Trajectories versus probabilities | 2 |
13 Semiempirical parametrization | 5 |
Semiclassical conceptual models | 6 |
22 Quantum mechanical oscillation of the localizability | 7 |
23 EinsteinBrillouinKeller quantization | 8 |
24 The Kepler problem | 11 |
25 Semiclassical formulation of the decay meanlife | 37 |
72 jjbased reformulation | 155 |
73 Gyromagnetic ratios in intermediate coupling | 161 |
Magnetic dipole transitions | 164 |
82 M1 line strengths | 165 |
Absorption of radiation | 179 |
91 Driven damped harmonic oscillator | 180 |
92 Doppler broadening | 182 |
93 Comparison of the Lorentzian and Gaussian functions | 183 |
Semiempirical parametrization of energylevel data | 42 |
32 Description of complex atoms by twobody collective modes | 44 |
33 The Rydberg formula and the Ritz parametrization | 47 |
34 The core polarization model | 54 |
35 Screening parametrizations | 58 |
36 Screening parametrization of the fine structure | 61 |
37 Screening parametrization of transition rates | 67 |
The vector model of angular momentum | 72 |
42 The intrinsic angular momentum and magnetic moment of the electron | 73 |
43 The Pauli spin matrices | 74 |
44 Internal magnetic fields | 76 |
45 Coupling approximations | 77 |
46 Quantum mechanical vector coupling of angular momenta | 79 |
47 The connection between spin and statistics | 80 |
48 The Landé interval rule | 81 |
49 External magnetic fields | 82 |
The intermediate coupling model | 90 |
52 Twovalenceelectron systems | 92 |
53 Screening parametrizations of Slater parameters | 107 |
54 Systems with three or more valence electrons | 109 |
55 Antisymmetrization of a multielectron system | 112 |
Electric dipole radiation | 113 |
61 Hierarchies in transition arrays | 114 |
62 Ab initio calculations | 120 |
63 Commutation relations involving the E1 transition moment | 123 |
64 Quadratic Stark effect and atomic polarizability | 125 |
65 Core polarization contributions to the E1 transition moment | 129 |
66 Cancellation | 131 |
Line strengths in twovalenceelectron systems | 138 |
94 Convolutions of lineshape functions | 184 |
95 Equivalent width | 187 |
96 Atomic derivation of the Planck radiation law | 191 |
Timeresolved measurements | 194 |
101 Time dependence of measured decay curves | 195 |
102 Adjusted normalization of decay curve ANDC method | 200 |
103 Differential lifetime measurements | 202 |
104 Hanle effect | 205 |
Hyperfine structure | 207 |
112 Magnetic dipole moment of the nucleus | 208 |
113 Electric quadrupole moment of the nucleus | 213 |
hyperfine splitting of the 4p term in ²³Na | 215 |
116 Hyperfine quenching | 218 |
Electrostatic polarizabilities and longrange interactions | 220 |
122 The Da IgarnoLewis operator | 222 |
groundstate polarizabilities | 223 |
124 Nonadiabatic correlations | 228 |
125 CasimirPolder retardation corrections | 229 |
126 Quadratic Stark effect | 230 |
127 Indices of refraction for inert gases | 231 |
Coherence and anisotropic excitation | 234 |
132 Stokes parameters | 238 |
133 Application to a measurement of elliptic polarization | 243 |
134 Alignment and orientation | 246 |
135 Quantumbeat spectroscopy | 248 |
136 Level crossing and optical double resonance spectroscopy | 251 |
References | 252 |
| 261 | |
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Common terms and phrases
³Po absorption angular momentum apoapsis approximation Balmer branching fractions calculations cancellation cascade characterized charge classical coefficients complex atoms constant core polarization correction corresponding Coulomb decay curves denoted density matrix Dirac electron electrostatic emitted energy-level data equation excitation expectation values expression formulation frequency g-factor given ground configuration Hamiltonian hydrogen hydrogenlike hyperfine hyperfine structure integral interaction intercombination intermediate coupling ionization isoelectronic sequence Ke² line-strength factors linear Lorentzian LS coupling M1 transition magnetic field matrix elements methods mixing angles nonrelativistic notation nuclear nucleus obtained orbit oscillator strengths particle periapsis perturbation photon physics plot polarizability position probability densities potential precess predictions quantities quantization quantum defect quantum mechanical radiation relativistic Rydberg formula Schrödinger screening parametrization Section semiclassical semiempirical Slater specified spectroscopic spin spin-orbit interaction Stokes parameters structure Table transition probability rates upper level vector wave function wavelength yields