Elements of Chemistry: For the Use of SchoolsC. Desilver, 1860 |
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absorbed acetic acetic acid affinity alcohol alkalies ammonia animal antimony atmosphere atoms battery becomes Binary Compounds bismuth bodies boiling bromine burns called candle carbonic acid charcoal chlorine cold color colorless combine combustion common composition compound conductor contained copper crystaline crystals decomposed density Describe diluted dissolved distilling earth effect electricity elements equivalent figure flame formed freezing galvanic gaseous gases glass heat hydrochloric hydrochloric acid hydrogen iodine iron light lime liquid magnet melted mercury metal mixed mixture mode needle nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained odor open air oxide oxygen particles pass pearlash phosphorus piece plate platinum pole potash potassium prepared produced properties proportion protoxide pure quantity rays salt sesquioxide shown silver soda solid soluble in water solution specific gravity substances sugar sulphate sulphuret sulphuric acid sulphuric ether surface takes place temperature thermometer tion tube usually vapor vegetable vessel vitriol wire zinc
Popular passages
Page 162 - ... quality. It is not a supporter of combustion ; but, on the contrary, extinguishes all burning bodies that are immersed in it. No animal can live in it ; but yet it exerts no injurious action either on the lungs or on the system at large, the privation of oxygen gas being the sole cause of death. It is not inflammable like hydrogen, though, under favourable circumstances, it may be made to unite with oxygen.
Page 39 - If a pound of water at 32D be mixed with a pound of water at 172°, the temperature of the mixture will be intermediate between them, or 102°. But if a pound of water at 172° be added to a pound of ice at 32°, the ice will quickly dissolve, and on placing a thermometer in the mixture, it will be found to stand, not at 102°, but at 32°. In this experiment, the pound of hot water, which was originally at...
Page 73 - That when any substance has more than its natural share, it is said to be positively electrified, and that when it has less than its natural share, it is said to be negatively electrified, — that positive electricity implies a redundancy, and negative electricity a deficiency of the flnid.
Page 189 - Continent, is by burning sulphur previously mixed with one-eighth of its weight of nitrate of potassa. The mixture is burned in a furnace so contrived that the current of air which supports the combustion...
Page 65 - When a ray of light passes obliquely from one medium to another of different density, it is refracted or bent out of its course.
Page 122 - ... On the contrary, water shows little disposition to unite with sulphuric ether, and still less with oil; for, however intimately their particles may be mixed together, they are no sooner left at rest than the ether separates almost entirely from the water, and a total separation takes place between that fluid and the oil. Sugar dissolves very sparingly in alcohol, but to any extent in water; while camphor is dissolved in a very small degree by water, and abundantly by alcohol. It appears, from...
Page 164 - The chief chemical properties of the atmosphere are owing to the presence of oxygen gas. Air, from which this principle has been withdrawn, is nearly inert. It can no longer support respiration and combustion, and metals are not oxydized by being heated in it. Most of the spontaneous changes which mineral and dead organized matters undergo, are owing to the powerful affinities of oxygen.
Page 165 - There is still one circumstance for consideration respecting the atmosphere. Since oxygen is necessary to combustion, to the respiration of animals, and to various other natural operations, by all of which that gas is withdrawn from the air, it is obvious that its quantity would gradually diminish, unless the tendency of those causes were counteracted by some compensating process.
Page 62 - All bodies begin to emit light when heat is accumulated within them in great quantity; and the appearance of glowing or shining, which they then assume, is called incandescence. The temperature at which solids in general begin to shine in the dark is between 600° and 700° ; but they do not appear luminous in broad daylight till they are heated to about 1000°. The color of incandescent bodies varies with the intensity of the heat. The first degree of luminousness is an obscure red. As the heat...
Page 305 - France by covering copper plates with the refuse of the grape after the juice has been extracted for making wine. The saccharine matter contained in the husks furnishes acetic acid by fermentation, and in four or six weeks the plates acquire a coating of the acetate.