The Theory of HeatMacmillan, 1904 - 838 pages |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
absorption acid apparatus atmosphere axis bath body boiling point bolometer Boyle's law bulb calorimeter carbon dioxide carbonic acid change of temperature Chimie coefficient of expansion compressed condensation condition conductivity consequently constant pressure contained cooling corresponding curve cylinder deduced density determined difference of temperature dynamical equivalent effect employed energy entropy equal equation equilibrium ether evaporation experiments flask flow formula galvanometer gases glass Hence hydrogen increase instrument isothermal Joule kinetic latent heat liquid manometer mass means measured melting mercury metal method mixture molecular molecules motion observed obtained passing Phil Physique placed plane plate platinum quantity of heat radiation Regnault saturated vapour scale solid specific heat steam Stefan's law stem substance supposed surface tempera theory thermal thermal capacity thermometer thermopile tion tube ture unit vapour pressure variation velocity vessel waves weight wire zero
Popular passages
Page 711 - It is impossible by means of inanimate material agency to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature of the coldest of the surrounding objects.
Page 43 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat then is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same as the laws of the communication of motion.
Page 42 - From this experiment it is evident that ice by friction is converted into water, and according to the supposition, its capacity is diminished ; but it is a well-known fact, that the capacity of water for heat is much greater than that of ice ; and ice must have an absolute quantity of heat added to it, before it can be converted into water. Friction consequently does not diminish the capacities of bodies for heat.
Page 454 - On partially liquefying carbonic acid by pressure alone, and gradually raising at the same time the temperature to 88° Fahr., the surface of demarcation between the liquid and gas became fainter, lost its curvature, and at last disappeared. The space was then occupied by a homogeneous fluid, which exhibited, when the pressure was suddenly diminished or the temperature slightly lowered, a peculiar appearance of moving...
Page 88 - Mayer appears to have hastened to publish his views for the express purpose of securing priority. He did not wait until he had the opportunity of supporting them by facts. My course, on the contrary, was to publish only such theories as I had established by experiments calculated to commend them to the scientific public, being well convinced of the truth of Sir J.
Page 155 - Newton's law of cooling. This law states that the rate of cooling of a body under given conditions is proportional to the temperature difference between the body and its surroundings...
Page 39 - Having taken away the borer, he now removed the metallic dust, or rather scaly matter, which had been detached from the bottom of the cylinder by the blunt steel borer, and found its weight to be 837 grains troy.
Page 25 - A greater quantity of heat enters into it, on this occasion, without making it apparently warmer, when tried by that instrument. This heat, however, must be thrown into it, in order to give it the form of a fluid; and I affirm, that this great addition of heat is the principal, and most immediate cause of the fluidity induced.
Page 42 - By a peculiar mechanism their surfaces were placed in contact and kept in a continued and violent friction for some minutes. They were almost entirely converted into water, which water was collected and its temperature ascertained to be 35° after remaining in an atmosphere of a lower temperature for some minutes.
Page 244 - P is filled with pure, boiled, air-free water. A calibrated narrow glass tube S, furnished with a millimetre scale, is fitted into a cork with fine sealing wax, and then passed through the mercury in the collar D, and made fast in the mouth of the tube CD, so that it becomes filled with mercury; and by adjusting the cork in the mouth of the tube CD the extremity of the mercury column in the scale tube S can be placed at any convenient point. By...