Rudimentary Chemistry: For the Use of BeginnersWeale, 1853 - 164 pages |
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Rudimentary Chemistry: For the Use of Beginners - Primary Source Edition George Fownes No preview available - 2014 |
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alkalis alumina ammonia amount animal atmosphere barley becomes bodies boiling bones bulk burns called carbonic acid cent charcoal chemical chemical decomposition Chemistry chlorine clay colour combination combustion common salt compounds consists constituents contains crop cubic decay decompose decomposition dissolves distillation earth elementary substances elements excrements flame furnish gaseous gases glass gluten grains grass heat hydrogen inches ingredients insoluble Iodine iron land leaves less Liebig lime limestone liquid manure magnesia manner melting metals mineral mixture nitric acid nitrogen organic oxide oxygen phosphates phosphoric acid phosphorus plants portion potash potassium pounds produced properties proportion pure quicksilver rock roots saline sand seeds silica small quantity soda soil solid soluble in water specific gravity specific weight spirit of wine starch straw sugar sulphate sulphuretted sulphuric acid supply tained takes fire temperature turnips urine vapour vegetable vessels volatile wheat wood woody fibre
Popular passages
Page 93 - ... present rivers and the present beaches, could never have ground down and produced such masses. But, on the other hand, when listening to the rattling noise of these torrents, and calling to mind that whole races of animals have passed away from the face of the earth, and that during this whole period, night and day, these stones have gone rattling onwards in their course, I have thought to myself, can any mountains, any continent, withstand such waste?
Page 66 - Ammonia, too, is capable of undergoing such a multitude of transformations, when in contact with other bodies, that in this respect it is not inferior to water, which possesses the same property in an eminent degree. It possesses properties which we do not find in any other compound of nitrogen ; when pure, it is extremely soluble in water ; it forms soluble compounds with all the acids ; and when in contact with certain other substances, it completely resigns its character as an alkali, and is capable...
Page 67 - All the rain-water employed in this inquiry was collected 600 paces southwest of Giessen, whilst the wind was blowing in the direction of the town. When several hundred pounds of it were distilled in a copper still, and the first two or three pounds evaporated with the addition of a little muriatic acid, a very distinct crystallization of sal-ammoniac was obtained : the crystals had always a brown or yellow color.
Page 66 - ... is extremely soluble in water ; it forms soluble compounds with all the acids ; and when in contact with certain other substances, it completely resigns its character as an alkali, and is capable of assuming the most various and opposite forms. Formate of ammonia changes, under the influence of a high temperature, into hydrocyanic acid and water, without the separation of any of its elements. Ammonia forms urea with cyanic acid.
Page 93 - As often as I have seen beds of mud, sand, and shingle, accumulated to the thickness of many thousand feet, I have felt inclined to exclaim that causes, such as the present rivers and the present beaches, could never have ground down and produced such masses. But, on the other hand, when listening to the rattling noise of these torrents, and calling to mind that whole races of animals have passed away from the face of the earth, and that during this whole period, night and day, these stones have...
Page 69 - Carbonic acid, water and ammonia, contain the elements necessary for the support of animals and vegetables. The same substances are the ultimate products of the chemical processes of decay and putrefaction. All the innumerable products of vitality resume, after death, the original form from which they sprung. And thus death — the complete dissolution of an existing generation — becomes the source of life for a new one.
Page 109 - That which is nearest the city brings the higher rent, chiefly because it is near, and more accessible to the points where the grass is consumed, but also partly from the better natural quality of the land. The average value of the land, irrespective of the sewer water application, may be taken at 3?.
Page 18 - Divide the weight in air by the loss of weight in water, and the quotient will be the specific gravity.
Page 109 - The practical result of this application of sewer-water is, that land, which let formerly at from 40s. to 61. per Scotch acre, is now let annually at from 301. to 40/., and that poor sandy land on the sea-shore, which might be worth 2s. 6d. per acre, lets at an annual rent of from 151.
Page 92 - Sea-water contains f^ of its weight of carbonate of lime; and this quantity, although scarcely appreciable in a pound, is the source from which myriads of marine mollusca and corals are supplied with materials for their habitations. Whilst the air contains only from 4 to 6 ten-thousandth parts of its volume of carbonic acid, seawater contains 100 times more, (10,000 volumes of sea-water contain 620 volumes of carbonic acid — Laurent, Bouillon, Lagrange).