185 2. The Great Bear never goes ben of places of considerable northern latituaizou therefore, it will have all possible situations in turn ing round the north pole. This is also one of the "most remarkable constellations in the northern hemisphere, because it is composed of seven very conspicuous stars, which have already been described in Art. 5. Chap. III. The two stars ẞ and Dubhe, in the body of the Great Bear, are called the guards, or pointers, because an imaginary straight line passing through them, points to the north pole. And the two stars and y, in the body of Ursa Minor, are sometimes called the guards, or pointers, of the Little Bear. 3. Nearly in the direction of the pointers of the Great Bear, and about five times the apparent distance between them, reckoning from Dubhe, is Alruccabah, or the pole-star, in the tail of the constellation Ursa Minor. 4. Animaginary line passing from Dubhe through in the opposite angle of the trapezium, which forms the body of the Great Bear, will nearly intersect Cor Caroli, an extra-constellated star of the second magnitude in the neck of Chara, whose distance from the latter star is nearly double the distance between the former two. 5. A straight line from Alioth, passing through Cor. Caroli, produced a little farther than the distance between them, will reach Vindemiatrix, the farthest northern star in the constellation Virgo. Between Cor Caroli and Virgo is the constellation Coma Berenices, or Berenice's Hair, so named from its resemblance to hair. 6. A straight line from Benetnach, in the tail of the Great Bear, passing through Cor Caroli, and extending downwards or towards the horizon about zen these two stars, will doubled, a star of the second magnitude, ene tail of the constellation Leo; and about 25 degrees to the west of Denebola, and about 3 degrees lower is Regulus, a star of the first magnitude, in the heart of the Lion, and almost in the plane of the ecliptic. 7. To the eastward of Denebola, at the distance of about 35 degrees, is Arcturus, a remarkable star of the first magnitude in the constellation Bootes. Under Bootes is the constellation Virgo, in which there is the very bright star, Spica Virginis, which forms with Denebola in Leo and Arcturus in Bootes, a very large equilateral triangle. 8. A little to the south-west of Spica Virginis, is the constellation Corvus, the stars of which form a long trapezium, but none of them exceeds the third magnitude. Algorab, the principal star, is about 18 degrees from Spica Virginis. 9. A line from Vindemiatrix in Virgo, through Arcturus in Bootes, will intersect Alphacca, a star of the second magnitude, in the constellation Corona Borealis, or the Northern Crown; the distance between Alphacca and Arcturus being nearly equal to that between the latter and Vindemiatrix. This constellation is very conspicuous, the stars in it being arranged in a circular form, somewhat resembling a crown. A line passing from Regulus through Spica Virginis, and extending an equal distance beyond the latter, will reach Antares, or Cor Scorpio, a star of the first magnitude in the Scorpion's heart. Between Scorpio and Virgo is the constellation Libra, containing a number of small stars; and to the south of Scorpio is the constellation Lupus, which also contains a number of stars; but none of them exceeds the third or fourth magnitude. 10. Nearly in the line produced from Arcturus, through the Northern Crown, and about twice the distance between them, and beyond Alphacca, is Vega, one of the brightest stars in the heavens, in the constellation Lyra. In the line adjoining this star and the guards of Ursa Minor, and about 15 degrees distant from the former, is Rastaben, a star of the second magnitude in the constellation Draco; and in the opposite direction from Vega, a little to the east of the line, and about 34 degrees distant, is Altair, a star of the first magnitude in the Eagle. The stars Altair, Lyra, and Deneb, a star of the second magnitude in the constellation Cygnus, form nearly a right angled triangle, the right angle being at Lyra. 11. About 14 degrees north-east of Altair, is a rhomboidal figure, formed by four stars in the constellation Delphinus; and about 35 or 36 degrees east of this figure, is the constellation Pegasus, in which we will observe the bright star Scheat. About 13 degrees south of that is Markab, a star of the second magnitude; 16 degrees to the east of Markab is Algenib, another star of the second magnitude, in the same constellation; and nearly 14 degrees east of Scheat is a star of the third magnitude, in the head of Andromeda. These four stars form a square, usually called the square of Pegasus. 12. A line from Scheat through Markab, at the distance of 45 degrees from the latter, will nearly intersect Fomalhaut in the Southern Fish, and about 10 degrees south of the former. is the constellation Pisces. To the west of the line joining the last two mentioned constellations, is Aquarius, one of the zodaical constellations. 13. A line from Deneb in the Swan, passing through Markab, and distant from it about 41 degrees, will point out the second brightest star in the constellation Cetus: and a line from the rhomboid already mentioned, in the Dolphin, through Markab, at the distance of nearly 60 degrees from this last star, will intersect Menkar, a star of the second magnitude in the jaw of Cetus. About 37 degrees north of Menkar is Algol, the second star in the constellation Perseus, which is one of those stars that vary in brightness. 14. At the distance of about 27 degrees from the star in the head of Andromeda, and a little to the south of the line, joining it and Markab, is Almaach, a star of the second magnitude in the southern foot of Andromeda: and about half way between it and Markab, is Mirach, a star of the second magnitude in the girdle of that constellation. A little to the north of the same line, at the distance of about 42 degrees, is Algenib, a star of the second magnitude in the constellation Perseus. The three stars Almaach, Algol, and Algenib, form nearly a right angled triangle, Algol being at the right angle. 15. Between Mirach and Menkar, about 17 degrees from the former, is a Arietis, a tolerably bright star of the second magnitude in the constellation Aries, between which and Almaach are the two Triangles, and about 10 degrees south-east of the Triangles is the small constellation Musca. To the north-east of Menkar, about 26 degrees, and as many south-east of Musca, is Aldebaran, a star of the first magnitude, of a red colour, in the constellation Taurus. This star, with several other |