Papers on Etherification and on the Constitution of SaltsAlembic club, 1902 - 62 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid action of sulphuric æther and water amylic alcohol analogous anhydrous atom of chlorine atom of water atomic theory atomic weight atoms of hydrogen benzoil bibasic acids bodies carbonic oxide carburetted hydrogen CARL WILHELM SCHEELE change of place change places chemical theory chloride combination common ether composition compound radicals consists CONSTITUTION OF SALTS contain æther decom distillate double decomposition effected ether ether from alcohol ethyle evidence experiment explanation fact formation of ether formed formula Gerhardt globe and air globe and vapour H₂ half the hydrogen hydrate of potash hydrated acid hydrocarbon hydrochloric acid hydrogen in alcohol hydrogen is replaced iodide of æthyle JOSEPH LOUIS GAY-LUSSAC K₂ liquid manner metallic mixture molecule monobasic acids nitric acid number of atoms obtained organic chemistry othyl oxygen Papers phenomena potassium Price Is 6d process of etherification proportion reactions soda sodium substance sulphate sulphovinic acid sulphuric acid Weight of globe
Popular passages
Page 15 - We are thus forced to admit that, in an aggregate of molecules of any compound, there is an exchange constantly going on between the elements which are contained in it.
Page 52 - One of the strongest arguments against the view that the oxygen-acids contain water, is afforded by the results of recent researches (especially of MM. Laurent and Gerhardt) on the atomic weight of acids. Those chemists have rendered more definite and exact than they had been before, our ideas on the distinctions between monobasic, bibasic, and tribasic acids, and have clearly established that the correct expression of the atom of nitric acid must be such as contains half as much hydrogen as is contained...
Page 39 - The method here employed, of stating the rational constitution of bodies by comparison with water, seems to me to be susceptible of great extension, and I have no hesitation in saying that its introduction will be of service in simplifying our ideas, by establishing a uniform standard of comparison by which bodies may be judged of.
Page 49 - O, perchloric acid. In order to accomplish what I above alluded to as a desideratum for the explanation of chemical reactions, namely effecting between the formulae of the reagents the interchange supposed to take place in the mixture, I have fixed the symbols of those atoms which have to change places upon the extremities of a piece of card, so fixed by a pivot to the board that by turning round 180° it reverses the positions of the exchanging atoms. I would not have brought before the public considerations...
Page 60 - CL formed by a repetition of the same process of substitution of chlorine for peroxide of hydrogen. The existence and formation of this body, which we may call chloro-hydrated sulphuric acid, furnishes the most direct evidence of the truth of the notion, that the bibasic character of sulphuric acid is owing to the fact of one atom of its radical SO, replacing or (to use the customary expression) being equivalent to two atoms of hydrogen.
Page 19 - ... study the degree and kind of motion which atoms possess, and reduce to this one fact the various phenomena of change, which are now attributed to occult forces. But although it will probably be generally used in connection with the atomic theory, the fact of motion is independent of any particular theory ; and however the properties of matter may be conceived, it will remain true, that, a change of place among the representatives or possessors of these properties, is constantly going on, which...
Page 49 - Williamson. The discovery by M. Gerhardt, of a number of anhydrous organic acids has thrown so much light on one of the most important questions of chemical philosophy, that it constitutes one of the most remarkable illustrations of the manner in which the rich materials of organic chemistry may be brought to bear on the explanation of the phenomena of chemical action, and the laws of chemical combination. It is not unworthy of remark, that the bodies prepared by Gerhardt, had for some years past...
Page 53 - ... series of bodies necessary for Gerhardt's process. These were obtained by the action of pentachloride of phosphorus on various hydrated organic acids, and consisted of chlorine combined with the oxygenized radical of the acid. Thus from benzoic acid was prepared the chloride of benzoil, C7 H6 OC1, and the corresponding bodies from cuminic, cinnamic, and various other acids.