Fownes' Manual of Chemistry, Theoretical and PracticalLea, 1885 - 1056 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid action alcohol aldehyde alkalies ammonia ammonium analogous anhydrous antimony arsenic arsenious oxide Atomic weight barium bodies boiling bromine calcium called carbon dioxide caustic CH₂ charcoal chemical chloric acid chloride color colorless combination combustion composition compounds condensed containing converted cooling copper crystalline crystals cyanide decomposed decomposition density dilute dissolves distilling easily electric elements ethene ether ethyl excess flame formed fused gases glass H₂O hydrate hydriodic acid hydrochloric acid hydrogen sulphide hydroxide ignition insoluble iodide iodine iron latter liquid magnetic mass melts mercury metallic mixed mixture molecules monoxide nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained odor oxide oxygen passing phosphorus plate platinum potash potassium potassium chloride powder precipitate prepared prisms produced pure radicles reaction red heat salts selenium separated silicate silver sodium solid soluble in water specific gravity substance sulphate sulphuric acid temperature tetroxide tion tube vapor vessel volatile volume wire yellow yields zinc
Popular passages
Page 516 - When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, it is refracted so that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities in the two media.
Page 84 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat then is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same, as the laws of the communication of motion.
Page 286 - C. in 5J minutes: and assuming as the unit of heat the quantity required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water from 0°...
Page 108 - ... graphite, and charcoal. In the second class are placed bismuth, antimony, zinc, tin, cadmium, sodium, -mercury, lead, silver, copper, gold, arsenic, uranium, rhodium, iridium, tungsten, phosphorus, iodine, sulphur, chlorine, hydrogen, and many of their compounds. Also, glass free from iron, water, alcohol, ether, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, resin, wax, olive oil, oil of turpentine, caoutchouc, sugar, starch, gum, and wood. These are diamagnetic.
Page 82 - Fig. 661. which is shown at p, their axes being supported on friction-wheels dd, and the pulleys were connected by fine twine with a wooden roller r, which, by means of a pin, could be easily attached to or removed from the friction apparatus. The mode of experimenting was as follows : The temperature of the frictional apparatus having been ascertained ; and the weights wound up, the roller was fixed to the axis, and the precise height of the weights ascertained ; the roller was then set at liberty,...
Page 164 - It is necessary to bear this in mind in order to understand why the air which is absorbed by water out of the atmosphere differs in composition from atmospheric air.
Page 85 - ... arising from all the motions of the particles of the gas. From this it follows that the quantity of heat which must be added to a gas of constant volume in order to raise its temperature by a given amount, is constant and independent of the temperature. In other words, the specific heat of a gas referred to a given volume is constant, a result which agrees with this experiments of Regnault, mentioned at p.
Page 74 - At temperatures above 31° no apparent liquefaction of carbon dioxide or separation into two distinct forms of matter can be effected, even under a pressure of 300 or 400 atmospheres. Similar results are obtained with nitrous oxide. It appears indeed that there exists for every liquid a temperature, called by Andrews the
Page 87 - The production and consumption of heat which accompany changes in the state of aggregation, or of the volume of bodies, are easily explained, according to the preceding principles, by taking account of the work done by the acting forces.
Page 739 - Oudemanns,* the best material for the preparation of stearic acid is shea-butter, which contains about 70 per cent, stearic, and 30 per cent, oleic acid, but no other solid fatty acid. On the large scale, impure stearic acid is prepared for the manufacture of stearin-candles, by saponifying some of the harder fats, generally with lime. The resulting lime-soap, decomposed by sulphuric acid, yields a mixture of fatty acids, which are pressed, first in the cold, and afterwards at a higher temperature,...