Philosophical Magazine |
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Common terms and phrases
according acid action amount appear assume atmosphere becomes body carbonic cause cent communication condition consequently considerable constant contained continuous corresponding deflection described determined direction distance disturbance effect electrical energy equal equation experiments expressed fact force function give given glacier glass greater head heat Hence hydrogen inch increase indicated latter length less light liquid lower mass mean measure metal method millims motion move nearly needle Neocomian object observed obtained oxide particles pass period plane plate polar poles portion position present pressure probably produced proportion quantity rays received referred regard regions remains resistance respect salt seen shown side solid solution specific spectrum substance supposed surface taken temperature theory tion tube unit velocity volume waves weight whole wire
Popular passages
Page 166 - ... and the snow, in consequence, would remain unmelted during the entire summer. In fact, we have this very condition of things exemplified, in some of the islands of the Southern Ocean at the present day. Sandwich Land, which is in the same parallel of latitude as the north of Scotland, is covered with ice and snow the entire summer; and in the island of South Georgia, which is in the same parallel as the centre of England, the perpetual snow descends to the very sea-beach. The following is Captain...
Page 355 - ... myth-making tendency — the passion for developing, enlarging, and spreading tales of wonder — came into full play and was given free course. Many thoughtful men satisfied themselves of the truth of these representations. One of the foremost English scholars came over, examined into them, and declared that there could be no doubt as to the reality of the cures. This state of things continued for about four years, when, in 1731, more violent effects showed themselves. Sundry persons approaching...
Page 137 - The ordinary gaseous and ordinary liquid states are, in short, only widely separated forms of the same condition of matter, and may be made to pass into one another by a series of gradations so gentle that the passage shall nowhere present any interruption or breach of continuity.
Page 143 - A standard solution of cane sugar, mixed with an equal volume of the sulphuric acid, gave a permanent precipitate, on the addition of the first drop of the acetate of lead. These experiments show clearly that very considerable quantities of sulphate of lead can be held in solution by weak alcohol charged with various salts. It may, therefore, reasonably be inferred that wines sometimes retain lead in solution, in consequence of this action of the acids and salts peculiar to wine upon lead compounds...
Page 72 - ... earth, but is thrown off into the cold stellar space above. This ascending current, instead of being employed in warming the globe, is in reality one of the most effectual means that the earth has of getting quit of the heat received from the sun, and of thus maintaining a much lower temperature than it would otherwise possess. It is in the equatorial regions that the earth loses as well as gains the greater part of its heat; so that, of all places, here ought to be placed the substance best...
Page 128 - The vapor is taken from the surface water; the surface water thereby becomes more salt, and, under certain conditions, heavier ; when it becomes heavier, it sinks ; and hence we have, due to the salts of the sea, a vertical circulation, namely, a descent of heavier — because salter and cooler — water from the surface, and an ascent of water that is lighter — because it is not so salt — from the depths below.
Page 137 - ... forms of the same condition of matter, and may be made to pass into one another by a series of gradations so gentle that the passage shall nowhere present any interruption or breach of continuity. From carbonic acid as a perfect gas to carbonic acid as a perfect liquid, the transition we have seen may be accomplished by a continuous process, and the gas and liquid are only distant stages of a long series of continuous physical changes.
Page 30 - India-rubber, gutta percha, &c., were substituted for the sole of the boot ; metal plates were also tried ; all communicated negative electricity to the body. Woollen stockings are a great impediment to the transmission of electricity from the boot; when these experiments were made I wore cotton ones. When I substituted for the electrometer a long wire galvanometer, such as is usually employed in physiological experiments, the needle was made to advance several degrees. At the Meeting of the British...
Page 71 - ... actually below the freezing-point. In fact, if those currents were warm, they would elevate the snow-line above themselves. The heated air rising off the hot burning ground at the equator, after ascending a few miles, becomes exposed to the intense cold of the upper regions of the atmosphere ; it then very soon loses all its heat, and returns from the equator much colder than it went thither.
Page 125 - India seas; for on one side we have the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, with their waters of brine ; "*"• on the other, the great Polar basin, the Baltic, and the North Sea, the two latter with waters that are but little more than brackish.* In one set of these sea-basins the water is heavy ; in the other it is light. Between them the ocean intervenes ; but water is bound to seek and to maintain its level ; and here, therefore, we unmask one of the agents concerned in causing the Gulf Stream.