Principles of Geology: Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface, by Reference to Causes Now in Operation, Volume 1J. Murray, 1830 - 511 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
afterwards alluvial ancient animals appear basalt beds Calabria Campania causes century changes channel cliffs coast cone considerable continued convulsions crater deep delta deposits depth distance district earth earthquakes ejected elevation eruption estuary Etna fifty fissures flood flowed formation formed former fossil geological geologist globe ground heat height Herculaneum hills hundred feet Iceland igneous igneous rocks inhabitants Ischia island isles Journ lake land lapilli latitudes lava limestone marine mass matter Mediterranean miles mineral modern Monte Nuovo mountain mouth nature observations ocean period phenomena plain Polistena Pompeii present produced pumice Puzzuoli quantity regions remains rise river rocks sand scoriæ sediment shells shocks shores Sicily side Solfatara species springs Strabo strata stream submarine subsidence subterranean movements supposed surface theory thousand feet thrown tides tion town trachyte tract travertin tuff valleys vapour vents Vesuvius violent volcanic volcanic cones whole
Popular passages
Page 78 - yet come for a general system of geology, but that all must be content for many years to be exclusively engaged in furnishing materials for future generalizations. By acting up to these principles with consistency, they in a few years disarmed all prejudice, and rescued the science from the imputation of being a dangerous, or at best but a visionary pursuit.
Page 285 - tenements, the whole of which were overwhelmed in 1703 and 1705. No traces of the ancient town are now perceptible, yet there is evidence that the sea has merely resumed its ancient position at the base of the cliffs, the site of the old town having been merely a beach abandoned by the ocean for ages.
Page 213 - conferva;, and various kinds of aquatic vegetables; and at the same time that the process of vegetable life is going on, the crystallizations of the calcareous matter, which is every where deposited in consequence of the escape of carbonic acid, likewise
Page 288 - came out upon the shore, and buried towns and men very many, and oxen and sheep innumerable." Also the Saxon Chronicle, already cited, for the year 1099, "Thisyear eke on St. Martin's-mass day, the 11th of Novembre, sprung up so
Page 470 - water, and the temperature of the water is raised by the latent heat evolved, until, at last, the lower part of the cavity is filled with boiling water and the upper with steam under high pressure. The expansive force of the steam becomes, at length, so great, that the boiling water is forced up the fissure or pipe
Page 210 - A hard stratum of stone, about a foot in thickness, is obtained from the waters of San Filippo in four months; and, as the springs are powerful, and almost uniform in the quantity given out, we are at no loss to comprehend the magnitude of the mass which descends the hill, which is a mile and
Page 179 - mountainous regions. But a question naturally arises, how the more tranquil rivers of the valleys and plains, flowing on comparatively level ground, can remove the prodigious burden which is discharged into them by their numerous tributaries, and by what means they are enabled to convey the whole mass to the sea. If they had not this
Page 179 - particles in the middle of the stream move swifter than those at the sides. This retardation of the lowest and lateral currents is produced by friction, and when the velocity is sufficiently great, the soil composing the sides and bottom gives way- A velocity of three inches per second is ascertained to be sufficient to tear up fine
Page 372 - distant nearly two hundred miles from Nyoe, threw out a torrent of lava which flowed down into the river Skapta, and completely dried it up. The channel of the river was between high rocks, in many places from four hundred to six hundred feet in depth, and near two hundred in breadth. Not only did the lava fill up
Page 444 - cause, rose against its banks, and then subsided below its usual level. The greatest perpendicular height of this swell was two feet four inches. It is said that the movement of this earthquake was