The Liquefaction of GasesAlembic Club, 1912 - 79 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
acid and ether air-pump alcohol ammonia ammoniacal gas apparatus appeared applied atmo atmospheres bath in air bath in vacuo bitumen bodies burst CAGNIARD camphine cap cement carbonic acid bath Chimie colourless common pressure common temperatures compressed condensing pumps cooled crystalline cubic inches cyanogen described dissolved distillation doubt elastic force escape euchlorine evaporation expansive force experiments explosion FAHR Florence flask former gage gaseous gauge glass tube heat hydrate Hydrobromic acid inches of mercury latter limpid LIQUEFACTION OF GASES liquefied liquid low temperature mercury mixture Monge and Clouet Morveau muriatic acid gas nearly Nicholson's Journal nitrous oxide Northmore obtained oil of turpentine olefiant gas Philosophical Transactions phosphorus plug portion probably produced pumps quantity receiver refractive power remained screw sealed solid carbonic acid solidify specific gravity stop-cock substance sulphuretted hydrogen sulphurous acid gas THILORIER tube containing ture vapour vessel volatile volume whilst yellow fluid ΙΟ
Popular passages
Page 11 - When the whole tube was cold, if the sulphurous acid were returned on to the mixture of sulphuric acid and sulphate of mercury, a portion was reabsorbed, but the rest remained on it without mixing. Liquid sulphurous acid is very limpid and colourless, and highly fluid. Its refractive power, obtained by comparing it in water and other media with water contained in a similar tube, appeared to be nearly equal to that of water. It does not solidify or become adhesive at a temperature of 0° F. When a...
Page 9 - IN desiring Mr. FARADAY to expose the hydrate of chlorine to heat in a closed glass tube, it occurred to me, that one of three things would happen ; that it would become fluid as a hydrate ; or that a decomposition of water would occur, and euchlorine and muriatic acid be formed ; or that the chlorine would separate in a condensed state.
Page 5 - It is well known that before the year 1810, the solid substance obtained by exposing chlorine, as usually procured, to a low temperature, was considered as the gas itself reduced into that form; and that Sir Humphry Davy first showed it to be a hydrate, the pure dry gas not being condensible even at a temperature of 40° F. I took advantage of the late cold weather to procure crystals of this substance for the purpose of analysis. The results are contained in a short paper in the Quarterly Journal...
Page 16 - A gage being introduced into a tube, in which liquid nitrous oxide was afterwards produced, gave the pressure of its vapour as equal to above 50 atmospheres at 45°. Cyanogen, Some pure cyanuret of mercury was heated until perfectly dry. A portion was then inclosed in a green glass tube, in the same manner as in former instances, and being collected to one end, was decomposed by heat, while the other end was cooled.
Page 33 - The experiments formerly made on the liquef action of gases, and the results which from time to time have been added to this branch of knowledge, especially by M. Thilorier, have left a constant desire on my mind to renew the investigation. This, with considerations arising out of the apparent simplicity and unity of the molecular constitution of all bodies when in the gaseous or vaporous state, which may be expected, according to the indications given by the experiments of M.
Page 19 - I first observed the liquefaction of chlorine gasf, nor until very lately, that any of the class of bodies called gases, had been reduced into the fluid form ; but, having during the last few weeks sought for instances where such results might have been afforded without the knowledge of the experimenter, I was surprised to find several recorded cases. I have thought it right therefore to bring these cases together, and only justice to endeavour to secure for them a more general attention, than they...
Page 7 - ... bottom of the tube, and gave a pressure of about 4 atmospheres. Being now cooled, there was an immediate deposit in films, which appeared to be hydrate, formed by water contained in the gas and vessels, but some of the yellow fluid was also produced. As this however might also contain a portion of the water present, a perfectly dry tube and apparatus were taken, and the chlorine left for some time over a bath of sulphuric acid before it was introduced. Upon throwing in air and giving pressure,...
Page 53 - This substance was obtained solid by the temperature of the carbonic acid bath in vacua, and appeared as a beautiful clear crystalline colourless body. The temperature required for this effect must have been very nearly the lowest, perhaps about 150° below 0°. The pressure of the vapour rising from the solid nitrous oxide was less than one atmosphere. Hence it was concluded that liquid nitrous oxide could not freeze itself by evaporation at one atmosphere, as carbonic acid does ; and this was found...
Page 14 - It distils readily and rapidly at the difference of temperature between 32° and 0°. Its refractive power is much less than that of water. No diminution of temperature to which I have been able to submit it, has altered its appearance. In endeavouring to open the tubes at one end, they have uniformly burst into fragments, with powerful explosions.
Page 8 - A portion was cooled in its tube to 0° ; it remained fluid. The tube was then opened, when a part immediately flew off, leaving the rest so cooled, by the evaporation, as to remain a fluid under the atmospheric pressure. The temperature could not have been higher than —40° in this case; as Sir Humphry Davy has shown that dry chlorine does not condense at that temperature under common pressure. Another tube was opened at a temperature of 50° ; a part of the chlorine volatilised, and cooled the...