A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive: Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation, Volume 1John W. Parker, West Strand, 1846 - 593 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
affirmed antecedent applied Archbishop Whately ascer ascertained assertion attributes axioms body called carbonic acid cause circumstances coexistence color combination common conceive conception conclusion connexion connotation consequent considered copula deductive definition denoted distinction doctrine earth effect empirical law equal evidence example exist experience expression fact follow force geometry ground hypothesis idea individual induction inference inquiry instances invariable John Herschel kind known language laws of causation laws of nature Leyden jar logic logicians mark meaning men are mortal merely Method of Agreement Method of Difference mind mode mortal motion object observation oxygen particular peculiar phenomena phenomenon philosophers planet possess predicate premisses present principle probability produced properties proposition proved quantity ratiocination reason relation resemblance respecting result scientific sensations sense signification Socrates species substances supposed supposition syllogism term theory things tion true truth ultimate uniformities universal universal proposition Whewell word
Popular passages
Page 460 - That gravity should be innate, inherent, and essential to matter, so that one body may act upon another at a distance, through a vacuum, without the mediation of...
Page 226 - If an instance in which the phenomenon under investigation occurs, and an instance in which it does not occur, have every circumstance in common save one, that one occurring only in the former; the circumstance in which alone the two instances differ is the effect, or the cause, or an indispensable part of the cause, of the phenomenon.
Page 231 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.
Page 201 - The cause, then, philosophically speaking, is the sum total of the conditions, positive and negative, taken together; the whole of the contingencies of every description, which being realized, the consequent invariably follows.
Page 189 - Why is a single instance, in some cases, sufficient for a complete induction, while in others, myriads of concurring instances, without a single exception known or presumed, go such a very little way towards establishing an universal proposition ? Whoever can answer this question knows more of the philosophy of logic than the wisest of the ancients, and has solved the great problem of induction.
Page 296 - The process of tracing regularity in any complicated, and, at first sight, confused set of appearances, is necessarily tentative : we begin by making any supposition, even a false one, to see what consequences will follow from it ; and by observing how these differ from the real phenomena we learn what corrections to make in our assumption.
Page 244 - In the first place, we must separate dew from rain and the moisture of fogs, and limit the application of the term to what is really meant, which is, the spontaneous appearance of moisture on substances exposed in the open air when no rain or visible wet is falling.
Page 123 - It must be granted that in every syllogism, considered as an argument to prove the conclusion, there is a petitio principii. When we say, All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is mortal; it is unanswerably urged by the adversaries of the syllogistic theory, that the proposition, Socrates is mortal...
Page 565 - These it takes, to a certain extent, into its calculations, because these do not merely, like our other desires, occasionally conflict with the pursuit of wealth, but accompany it always as a drag or impediment, and are therefore inseparably mixed up in the consideration of it. Political Economy considers mankind as occupied solely in acquiring and consuming wealth...
Page 4 - Truths are known to us in two ways: some are known directly, and of themselves; some through the medium of other truths. The former are the subject of Intuition, or Consciousness; the latter, of Inference.