Treatise on Heat

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Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, 1833 - 429 pages
 

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Page 394 - Temperature may be conceived to depend upon the velocities of the vibrations; increase of capacity on the motion being performed in greater space ; and the diminution of temperature during the conversion of solids into fluids or gases, may be explained on the idea of the loss of vibratory motion, in consequence of the revolution of particles round their axes, at the moment when the body becomes fluid or aeriform, or from the loss of rapidity of vibration in consequence of the motion of the particles...
Page 393 - ... lower temperature, that is, can give an expansive motion to its particles, it is a probable inference that its own particles are possessed of motion; but as there is no change in the position of its parts as long as its temperature is uniform, the motion, if it exist, must be a vibratory or undulatory motion, or a motion of the particles round their axes, or a motion of particles round each other.
Page 399 - It was Newton's opinion that heat consists in a minute vibratory motion of the particles of bodies, and that this motion is communicated through an apparent vacuum by the undulations of an elastic medium, which is also concerned in the phenomena of light. It is easy to imagine that such vibrations may be excited in the component parts of bodies by percussion, by friction, or by the destruction of the equilibrium of cohesion and repulsion, and by a change of the conditions on which it may be restored...
Page 394 - It seems possible to account for all the phenomena of heat, if it be supposed that in solids the particles are in a constant state of vibratory motion, the particles of the hottest bodies moving with the greatest velocity and through the greatest space ; that in...
Page 393 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat then is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same, as the laws of the communication of motion.
Page 138 - The vessels in which the freezing mixture is made should be very thin, and just large enough to hold it, and the materials should be mixed together as quickly as possible.
Page 346 - When four drams of either of these are put into a phial containing two ounces of sea water, or of pure water holding in solution half a dram of common salt, or two drams of sulphate of magnesia, if the phial be put into a dark place, a luminous ring appears on the surface of the liquid within three days, and the whole liquid, when agitated, becomes luminous, and continues in that state for some time. When these liquids are frozen...
Page 40 - ... intense, the bottom will be forced from the sides, and a crack or flaw will surround that part of the glass by which the sides are united with the bottom. If, however, the glass be previously washed with a little warm water, so that the whole is gradually heated, and, therefore, gradually expanded, then the hot water may be poured in without danger ; because, although the bottom will expand as before, yet the sides also enlarge, and the whole vessel undergoes a similar change of bulk. When the...
Page 398 - If heat is not a substance, it must be a quality ; and this quality can only be motion. It was Newton's opinion that heat consists in a minute vibratory motion of the particles of bodies, and that this motion is communicated through an apparent vacuum by the undulations of an elastic medium, which is also concerned in the phenomena of light. If the arguments...
Page 324 - The result of his enquiries was, the discovery of the cause of the phenomena of dew, and affords one of the most beautiful instances of inductive reasoning which any part of the history of physical discovery has presented. Dr. Wells argued, that as a clear and cloudless sky radiates little or no heat towards the surface of the earth, all objects placed on the surface, which are good radiators, must necessarily fall in temperature during the night, if they be in a situation in which they are not exposed...

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