A Dictionary of Chemistry ...

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Tegg, 1828 - 829 pages
 

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Page 250 - Temperature may be conceived to depend upon the velocities of the vibrations ; increase of capacity, on the motion being performed in greater space ; and the diminution of temperature, during the conversion of solids into fluids or gases, may be explained on the idea of the loss of vibratory motion, in consequence of the revolution of particles round their axes, at the moment when the body becomes liquid or aeriform ; or from the loss of rapidity of vibration, in consequence of the motion of the...
Page 413 - When pieces of charcoal about an inch long and onesixth of an inch in diameter, were brought near each other (within the thirtieth or fortieth part of an inch) a bright spark was produced, and more than half the volume of the charcoal became ignited to whiteness, and by withdrawing the points from each other a constant discharge took place through the heated air, in a space equal at least to four inches, producing a most brilliant ascending arch of light, broad, and conical in form in the middle.
Page 250 - ... and elastic fluids, besides the vibratory motion, which must be conceived greatest in the last, the particles have a motion round their own axes, with different velocities, the particles of elastic fluids moving with the greatest quickness; and that in ethereal substances, the particles move round their own axes, and separate from each other, penetrating in right lines through space.
Page 413 - ... was made in a receiver exhausted by the air-pump ; but there was no evidence of their having previously undergone fusion. When the communication between the points positively and negatively electrified was made in air, rarefied in the receiver of the air-pump, the distance at which the discharge took place increased as the exhaustion was made ; and when the atmosphere in the vessel supported only...
Page 500 - The traces of revolutions become still more apparent and decisive when we ascend a little higher, and approach nearer to the foot of the great chains of mountains. There are still found many beds of shells ; some of these are even larger and more solid ; the shells are quite as numerous and as entirely preserved ; but they are not of the same species with those which were found in the less elevated regions.
Page 478 - ... and retiring diaphragm. This process was continued, without interruption, as long as I continued the electric discharges. In the judgment of many scientific gentlemen who witnessed the scene, this respiratory experiment was perhaps the most striking ever made with a philosophical apparatus. Let it also be' remembered, that for full half an hour before this period, the body had been well nigh drained of its blood, and the spinal marrow severely lacerated. No pulsation could be perceived meanwhile...
Page 250 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat, then, is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same as the laws of the communication of motion.
Page 152 - If any notable quantity of sulphate of lime (gypsum) existed in the soil, a white precipitate will gradually form in the fluid, and the weight of it will indicate the proportion. Phosphate of lime, if any exist, may be separated from the soil after the process for gypsum. Muriatic"' acid must be digested upon the soil, in quantity more than sufficient to saturate the soluble earths ; the solution must be evaporated, and water poured upon the solid matter. This fluid will dissolve the compounds of...
Page 397 - Red is frequently made from Brazil and peachwood. 2. Black. A strong extract of galls, and deuto-nitrate of iron. 3. Purple. Extract of logwood and the deuto-nitrate. 4. Yellow. Extract of quercitron bark, or French berries, and the tin solution.
Page 423 - I am further inclined to think, that when our views are sufficiently extended, to enable us to reason with precision concerning the proportions of elementary atoms, we shall find the arithmetical re.lation alone will not be sufficient to explain their mutual action, and that we shall be obliged to acquire a geometrical conception of their relative arrangement in all the three dimensions of solid extension.

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