Fownes' Manual of Chemistry, Theoretical and PracticalHenry C. Lea, 1878 - 1003 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
acetic acid action alcohol alcohol-radicles aldehyde alkalies ammonia ammonium analogous anhydrous aniline aqueous solution Atomic weight barium bodies boiling point bromine calcium carbon dioxide caustic CH₂ chemical chloride color colorless combination composition compounds containing converted cooling copper corresponding crystalline crystals cyanide decomposed decomposition density dilute dissolves distillation easily soluble elements ethene ether ethyl excess flame formed formula fused gases glass glycol H₂O hydrate hydriodic acid hydrocarbons hydrochloric acid hydrogen sulphide hydroxide insoluble iodide iodine iron isomeric latter liquid melts mercury metallic mixed mixture molecules monoxide needles neutral nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained odor oil of vitriol oxalic acid oxide oxygen passing phosphorus platinum potash potassium powder precipitate prepared pressure prisms produced pure radicles reaction salts separated silver sodium sodium carbonate solid soluble soluble in water specific gravity substance sulphate sulphuric acid temperature tion tube vapor vessel volatile volume yellow yields zinc
Popular passages
Page 488 - When a ray of light passes from one medium to another, it is refracted so that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is equal to the ratio of the velocities in the two media.
Page 84 - ... that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is constant for refraction in the same medium, was effected by Snell and Descartes.
Page 44 - C == 140° F. The rule then will be the following : — To convert Centigrade degrees into Fahrenheit degrees, multiply by 9, divide the product by 5, and add 32; to convert Fahrenheit degrees into Centigrade degrees, subtract 32, multiply by 5, and divide by 9. The reduction of negative degrees, or those below zero of one scale into those of another scale, is effected in the same way.
Page 76 - That the quantity of heat produced by the friction of bodies, whether solid or liquid, is always proportional to the force expended. 2. That the quantity of heat capable of increasing the temperature of 1 Ib. of water (weighed in vacua, and bet-ween 55° and 60°...
Page 31 - When a solid is immersed in a fluid, it loses a portion of its weight ; and this portion is equal to the weight of the fluid which it displaces : that is, to the weight of its own bulk of that fluid.
Page 341 - When dried at a moderate heat, it forms a soft friable mass, which adheres to the tongue and forms a stiff paste with water, but does not dissolve in that liquid.
Page 134 - I have spoken of it, are similar to those of the law of molecular diffusion, but it is important to observe that the phenomena of effusion and diffusion are distinct and essentially different in their nature. The effusion movement affects masses of gas, the diffusion movement affects molecules ; and a gas is usually carried by the former kind of impulse with a velocity many thousand times greater than by the latter.
Page 80 - When the molecules of a body change their relative positions, the change may take place either in accordance with or in opposition to the action of the molecular forces existing within the body. In the former case, the molecules, during the passage from one state to the other, have a certain velocity imparted to them, which is immediately converted into heat ; in the latter case, the velocity of their movement, and consequently the temperature of the body, is diminished.
Page 77 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat then is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same, as the laws of the communication of motion.
Page 272 - Matthiessen* regards it as probable that the condition of an alloy of two metals in the liquid state may be either that of — 1. A solution of one metal in another; 2. Chemical combination; 3. Mechanical mixture; or, 4. A solution or mixture of two or all of the above ; and that similar differences may obtain as to its condition in the solid state. The...