Elements of Chemistry: Theoretical and Practical, Volume 2Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1877 |
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Other editions - View all
Elements of Chemistry: Theoretical and Practical, Volume 1 William Allen Miller No preview available - 2016 |
Common terms and phrases
absorbed absorption acid alkalies allotropy ammonia analyser anhydride argentic nitrate atmosphere atom atomic weight axis bands becomes bodies bright bands bright lines bromine carbonic anhydride chloride chromosphere colour combination compound containing copper crystal crystalline density diffusion direction effect elements emitted employed equal exhibit expansion experiments film flame Fraunhofer's gases glass heat hydrochloric hydrochloric acid hydrogen inches incident increase intensity iodide iron liquid luminous mercury metals metres millimetre mixture nitrate nitrogen nitrous oxide oblique observed obtained octohedron oxide oxygen particles passes phenomena Phil phosphorescence placed plane plate platinum polarized portion potassic pressure prism prismatic produced proportion quantity quartz rays reflected refractive index refrangible rhombohedron right angles rotation salt slit sodic sodium solar spectrum solid soluble solution spectra spectroscope substances sulphate sulphur surface temperature thickness tion Trans transmitted transparent tube vapour velocity vibrations violet visible volume wave length weight whilst yellow
Popular passages
Page 239 - It seems possible to account for all the phenomena of heat, if it be supposed that in solids the particles are in a constant state of vibratory motion, the particles of the hottest bodies moving with the greatest velocity, and through the greatest space; that in fluids and elastic fluids, besides the vibratory motion, which must be conceived greatest in the last, the particles have a motion round their own axes, with different velocities...
Page 234 - ... passing from the solid to the liquid, and from the liquid to the gaseous form, or the contrary, occasioning endless vicissitudes of temperature over the globe.
Page 239 - ... the particles move round their own axes, and separate from each other, penetrating in right lines through space. Temperature may be conceived to depend upon the velocities of the vibrations ; increase of capacity, on the motion being performed in greater space ; and the diminution of temperature, during the conversion of solids into fluids or gases, may be explained on the idea of the loss of vibratory motion, in consequence of the revolution of particles round their axes, at the moment when...
Page 367 - On partially liquefying carbonic acid by pressure alone, and gradually raising at the same time the temperature to 88° Fahr., the surface of demarcation between the liquid and gas became fainter, lost its curvature, and at last disappeared. The space was then occupied by a homogeneous fluid, which exhibited, when the pressure was suddenly diminished or the temperature slightly lowered, a peculiar appearance of moving or dickering stria* throughout its entire mass.
Page 283 - Flat, shallow excavations, from one to two feet deep, are loosely lined with rice straw or some similar bad conductor of heat, and upon the surface of this layer are placed shallow pans of porous earthen-ware, filled with water to the depth of one or two inches. Radiation rapidly reduces the temperature below the freezing-point, and thin crusts of ice form, which are removed as they are produced, and stowed away in suitable ice-houses until night, when the ice is conveyed in boats to Calcutta. Winter...
Page 138 - Simple bodies, as well as compounds, may produce lines; and two simple bodies which singly do not produce them, may in their compounds occasion them abundantly.
Page 474 - No elementary substance can be an electrolyte ; for from the nature of the process, compounds alone are susceptible of electrolysis. Electrolysis occurs only whilst the body is in the liquid state. The free mobility of the particles which form the body undergoing decomposition is a necessary condition of electrolysis, since the operation is always attended by a transfer of the component particles of the electrolyte in opposite directions. The passage of a current of electricity through the liquid...
Page 91 - ... lay the plate on the table with the edge, /, parallel to the window, the side to which the wax is attached being uppermost, and press the end of the wax against the crystal until it adheres ; then lift the plate with its attached crystal, and place it in the slit of the pin, x, with that side uppermost which rested on the table.
Page 152 - ... within the range of its two extremes ; but the same body, when converted into vapour, may produce a luminous atmosphere which may emit light of certain definite refrangibilities only, so as to produce a spectrum consisting of a series of bright bands of particular colours, separated from each other by intervals more or less completely dark. Bearing these facts in mind, the theory proposed to account for Fraunhofer's lines will be readily understood. In 1858, Mr. Balfour Stewart published in the...
Page 203 - Substances are said to be optically active when they produce rotation of the plane of polarisation of a ray of polarised light which passes through them. The rotation may be either to the right or to the left, according to the nature of the substance ; in the former case the substance is said to be dextro-rotatory ; in the latter, Izvo-rotatory.