Optics: Light and Sight Theoretically and Practically Considered, with Their Application to Fine Art and Industrial PursuitsStrahan & Company, 1870 - 268 pages |
From inside the book
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Page viii
... acid Table of the indices of refraction of the mean rays of each of the prismatic colours for certain media The dispersive power , how to find CHAPTER XI . On the principle of achromatic telescopes Achromatic telescopes first ...
... acid Table of the indices of refraction of the mean rays of each of the prismatic colours for certain media The dispersive power , how to find CHAPTER XI . On the principle of achromatic telescopes Achromatic telescopes first ...
Page 14
... acid 1.527 Balsam of tolu 1.628 Shell lac 1.525 Castor . 1.626 Sulphate of lime 1.525 Muriate of ammonia 1.625 Gum myrrh 1.524 Anhydrite ( ext . ) 1.622 Wavellite 1.520 99 ( ord . ) 1.577 Gum tragacanth 1.520 Guiacum 1.619 · Mesotype ...
... acid 1.527 Balsam of tolu 1.628 Shell lac 1.525 Castor . 1.626 Sulphate of lime 1.525 Muriate of ammonia 1.625 Gum myrrh 1.524 Anhydrite ( ext . ) 1.622 Wavellite 1.520 99 ( ord . ) 1.577 Gum tragacanth 1.520 Guiacum 1.619 · Mesotype ...
Page 15
... acid 1.434 Obsidian 1-488 Oil of rue 1.433 Sulphate of magnesia Phosphoric acid , fluid 1.426 • from 1.465 to 1.488 Nitric acid 1.410 Oil of hyssop 1.487 Muriatic acid 1.410 • Camphor . 1.487 Nitrous acid . 1.396 Cajeput oil 1.483 Acetic ...
... acid 1.434 Obsidian 1-488 Oil of rue 1.433 Sulphate of magnesia Phosphoric acid , fluid 1.426 • from 1.465 to 1.488 Nitric acid 1.410 Oil of hyssop 1.487 Muriatic acid 1.410 • Camphor . 1.487 Nitrous acid . 1.396 Cajeput oil 1.483 Acetic ...
Page 16
... acid 0.5514 Diamond 1.4566 Sulphuric acid 0.6124 Realgar 1.6669 Calcareous spar 0.6424 Ambergris 1.7000 Alum . 0.6570 Oil of cassia 1.7634 • Borax 0.6716 Sulphur . 2.2000 Nitre . 0.7079 Phosphorus 2.8857 Rain water . 0.7845 Hydrogen ...
... acid 0.5514 Diamond 1.4566 Sulphuric acid 0.6124 Realgar 1.6669 Calcareous spar 0.6424 Ambergris 1.7000 Alum . 0.6570 Oil of cassia 1.7634 • Borax 0.6716 Sulphur . 2.2000 Nitre . 0.7079 Phosphorus 2.8857 Rain water . 0.7845 Hydrogen ...
Page 80
... acid 0.016 Gum copal 0.024 · Nut oil . • 0.022 Oil of turpentine 0.020 Felspar 0.022 Balsam of capivi 0.021 Amber ... acid 0.019 Glass of borax 0.018 Garnet 0.018 Borax • Chrysolite Fluor spar Crown glass Oil of wine Glass of phosphorus ...
... acid 0.016 Gum copal 0.024 · Nut oil . • 0.022 Oil of turpentine 0.020 Felspar 0.022 Balsam of capivi 0.021 Amber ... acid 0.019 Glass of borax 0.018 Garnet 0.018 Borax • Chrysolite Fluor spar Crown glass Oil of wine Glass of phosphorus ...
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Common terms and phrases
achromatic acid actinic adjusted angle of incidence aperture apparatus Argand burner Argand lamps axis blue body bright called camera centre colours combination concave converge convex lens cornea crown-glass crystalline crystalline lens curvature dark lines diameter diaphragm direction dispersive power diverging edge equal eye-glass eye-piece flint flint-glass focal distance focal length focus Fraunhöfer glass heliostat horizontal illumination inches inclined index of refraction lamp lantern lenses luminous magnifying power means meniscus microscope mirror object object-glass observer opaque oxyhydrogen parallel rays passing perpendicular photographic picture placed plane plate polarised position prism produced radius radius of curvature rays of light reflected reflector refrangible retina screen screw seen shown in Fig side Sir David Brewster slides slit solar spectrum spectra spectroscope spherical aberration substance surface telescope theodolite tion transparent tube violet visible vitreous humour yellow
Popular passages
Page 12 - This amounts to the same with saying, that, in the case before us, the sine of the angle of incidence is to the sine of the angle of refraction in a given ratio.
Page 73 - ... test of difference of refrangibility : and the conclusion deduced by Newton is no longer admissible as a general truth : " That to the same degree of refrangibility ever belongs the same color, and to the same color ever belongs the same degree of refrangibility." By absorbing the excess of any color at any point of the spectrum above what is necessary to form white light, we may actually cause white light to appear at that point, and this white light will possess the remarkable property of remaining...
Page 100 - Thus, if the light be homogeneous, a bright line of light will be formed under the centre of the opaque object AB, outside which will be dark lines, and then bright and dark lines alternately. If the arrangement of these lines be examined, they will be found to be hyperbolic, as exhibited in Jig.
Page 72 - ... very little of the violet. The yellow space, which has not been much absorbed, has increased in breadth. It occupies part of the space formerly covered by the orange on one side, and part of the space formerly covered by the green on the other. Hence it follows that the blue glass has absorbed the red light which, when mixed with the yellow light, constituted orange, and has absorbed also the blue light which, when mixed with the yellow, constituted the part of the green space next the yellow.
Page 71 - Coloured fluids, such as black and red ink, though equally homogeneous, stop or absorb different kinds of rays, and when exposed to the sun they become heated in different degrees ; while pure water seems to transmit all the rays equally, and scarcely receives any heat from the passing light of the sun. When we examine more. minutely the action of...
Page 231 - Having focussed the object, replace a, and gradually close the slit till a good spectrum is obtained. The spectrum will be much improved by throwing the object a little out of focus. Every part of the spectrum differs a little from adjacent parts in refrangibility, and delicate bands or lines can only be brought out by accurately focussing their own parts of the spectrum.
Page 40 - ... as follows. From the distance between the image and the object in feet, subtract the focal distance of the lens in feet, and divide the remainder by the same focal distance. By this quotient divide twice the distance of the object in feet, and the new quotient will be the magnifying power, or the number of times that the apparent magnitude of the object is increased. When the focal length of the lens is quite inconsidertble, compared with the distance of the object, as it is in most cases, the...
Page 72 - ... the middle of the red space, the whole of the orange, a great part of the green, a considerable part of the blue, a little of the indigo, and a very little, of the violet...
Page 103 - ... to tell us that water consists of 1 part of hydrogen by weight united with 8 parts of oxygen; that marble is composed of 56 parts of lime, and 44 of carbonic acid; common salt, of 35J parts of chlorine, and 23 of sodium ; turpentine, of 30 carbon, and 4 hydrogen ; chloroform, of 12 carbon, 1 hydrogen, and 106} chlorine.
Page 219 - When the chimney is put together, the upper end of the bottom piece is inserted about | an inch into the cone of the next piece above, and fixed there by three ties or pins, so that the two pieces are firmly held together ; but there is still plenty of airway, or entrance into the chimney between them. The same arrangement holds good with each succeeding piece. When the ventilating chimney is fixed in its place, it is adjusted, so that the lamp-chimney enters about...