Acridoph'agi (Gr. locust-eaters), a tribe who feed on locusts.

Acriopsis (Gr. akris, and opsis the eye), a pretty flowering shrub, of the order Orchidaceæ.

Acrisy (Gr. wanting judgment), that on which no judgment can be passed, more especially as applied to a disease, the crisis of which is uncertain.

Acri'ta (Gr. doubtful), in zoology, a term applied to that division of the animal kingdom which comprehends the Polypes, Infusoria, Intestina, &c. Acrocarpe (Gr. having seed at the extremities), in botany, a sub-order of the Mosses.

Ac'rodont (Gr. akros, and odontes teeth), in zoology, a term applied to those fossil Saurians which have the teeth anchylosed to the top of the alveolar process.

Ac'rodus (Gr. extreme teeth), in geology, a genus of fossil sharks.

Ac'rogens (Gr. extreme productions), in botany, a term applied to those cellular plants, which increase chiefly in length, and not in thickness.

Acrogloch'in (Gr. spear-pointed), a species of herbaceous plants, of the order Chenopodiaceæ.

Ac'rolith (Gr. stone extremities), in sculpture and architecture, a statue of wood, with extremities of stone or marble.

Acroma'nia (Gr. extreme madness), in pathology, the height of insanity. Acro'mion (Gr. akros, and omos a shoulder), in anatomy, the humeral extremity of the shoulder-blade.

Acron'ical (Gr. at the summit), in astronomy, a term applied to the rising and setting of a star about the same time as the sun.

Acronych'ia (Gr. akros, and onyx a claw), the name of a pretty shrub, with white clustering flowers and fragrant odour; order Rutaceæ.

Acrop'athy (Gr. disease at the extremities), in pathology, diseased action and pain at the extremities of the body.

Acrope'ra (Gr. akros, and pera a small sack), a genus of plants with purple and yellow-spotted flowers; order Orchidaceæ.

Acrophyllum (Gr. akros, and phyllum a leaf), a flowering plant, of the order Cunoniaceæ.

Acropodium (Gr. summit-footed), in botany, a genus of leguminous shrubs, of the sub-order Papilionaceæ; so called from the legumes being stalked within the calyx.-In zoology, a term applied to the upper part of the foot.

Ac'ropy (Gr.), defective articulation. Acrospermum (Gr. akros, and sperma seed), a genus of fungus growing on dead herbs and putrid mushrooms. Ac'rospire (Gr. high-spired), in botany, the sprout or plumule, which appears at the end of flowers during germination.

Acrote'ria (Gr.), in architecture, the small bases serving to support statues.

Acrote'riasm (Gr. extremity), in surgery, amputation of the extremities. Acrothym'ion (Gr. akros, and thymon a wart), in pathology, a rugated, bleeding wart, of a conical shape. Ac'rotism (Gr.), in pathology, defect of pulsation.

Actæ'a (Gr. akte the elder tree), the botanical name of a genus of herbaceous plants, the bane-berry; order Ranunculaceæ.

Actin'ia (Gr. aktin a sun-ray), a radiated marine animal, or animalflower, of the class Acalephæ. Actinia'ria (Gr.aktin), an order of Polypi, which have a radiated appearance like the Actinia.

Actin'ic (Gr. sending out rays), relating to actinism.

Ac'tinism (Gr. aktin, as "the actinic force of the solar ray"), in natural philosophy, a term applied to the radiation of light or heat.

Actinoc'amax (Gr. aktin, and kamax a peg), in fossilization, the name of an extinct class of Cephalopods, found in the chalk formation. Actinocarpus (Gr. aktin, and karpos fruit), in botany a genus of composite plants; sub-order Tubulifloræ.

Actinoc'rinite (Gr. aktin, and krinon a lily), in geology, the name of a fossil crinoidian, found in the limestone formation.

Actin'olite (Gr. aktin, and lithos a stone), in geology, a variety of greencoloured hornblende, chiefly consisting of silica, magnesia, lime, and alumina. It is one of the principal constituents of Actinolite schist, a species of laminated or slaty rock. Actinom'eris (Gr. a divided ray), an ornamental genus of plants; order Compositæ.-Nuttall.

Actinom'eter (Gr. a ray measurer), an instrument for measuring the intensity of the sun's rays.

Actinos'toma (Gr. aktin, and stoma a mouth), in zoology, an order of Helianthoides, whose mouths are encircled with radiated tentacula. Actinozoaʼria (Gr. atkin, and zoon an animal), in zoology, a term applied to radiated animals; the Radiata.

Acu'leates (Lat. aculeus a prickle), in entomology, a tribe of hymenopterous insects, the females and neutrals of which are provided with stings.

Acu'lei (Lat. ut supra), in botany, a term applied to those spines or prickles which spring from the bark of the tree, and not from the wood.

Acus (Lat. a needle), in zoology, a term applied to the sand-eel or ammodyte, and also to the needle-fish. Adagio (Ital.), in music, a term denoting

slow time.

Ad'amant (Lat. not to be subdued), a stone formerly supposed to be of impenetrable hardness; a name applied to the diamond, and also to the loadstone. The crystals of the mineral corundum are called Adamantine spar, from their excessive hardness.

Ada'mia, a genus of plants, natives of the Nepaulese territory; so called from John Adam, a promoter of natural history, and some time go.. vernor of India; nat. order Hydrangeaceæ.

Adanso'nia, or Baobab tree, a tree of gigantic growth, the largest production in the vegetable kingdom; so called from Michael Adanson, a celebrated French botanist. It grows to a vast age, and its trunk has been found to measure thirty feet in diameter. Some specimens on the coast of Africa are said to be 5,000 years old.-Hooker.

Ad'apis, in geology, a genus of fossil mammalia found in the Eocene formation of Paris.

Addax, a species of antelope. Adduc'tor (Lat. that which draws to),

in anatomy, a muscle whose action is to draw one part to another; its antagonistic muscle is called the Abductor.

Adelobot'rys (Gr. obscure raceme), a genus of plants growing in Guiana; order Melastomaceæ.

Adelobran'chiata (Gr. concealed gills), a name given to those molluscs whose respiratory organs are externally concealed, and also to a family of the Gasteropods.

Adeloderma (Gr. adelos hidden, and derma skin), in malachology, a name given to a sub-order of Gasteropods,

whose respiratory organs are concealed by the skin.

Adelopneu'mona (Gr. concealed lungs), a name applied to an order of Gasteropods, whose respiratory organs are invisible.

Adel'opode (Gr. concealed feet), in zoology, an animal whose feet are not visible.

Adelphia (Gr. brotherhood), a name applied to plants, in the Linnæan system of botany, whose stamens are aggregated into a bundle; whence the term Adelphic, as applied to such plants.

Adenal'gia (Gr. aden a gland, and alge pain), in pathology, pain seated in a gland, attended by a painful swelling. Adenan'dria (Gr. a male gland), a genus of evergreen herbaceous plants; order Rutaceæ.

Adenanthe'ra (Gr. aden, and anthera an anther), a genus of. handsome trees, of the order Leguminosæ. A. pavonia is one of the largest trees in the East Indies, the timber of which is much esteemed.

Adeni'tis (Gr.), in pathology, inflammation of the glands.

Adenocalym'na (Gr. concealed gland), a genus of plants, of the order Bigno

niaceæ.

Adenocarpus (Gr. aden and carpos fruit), a genus of leguminous ornamental shrubs; sub-order Papili

onaceæ.

Adenog'raphy (Gr. aden, and graphe description), in physiology, a description of the glands. Adenoi'dal (Gr. aden, and oidos similar to), glandiform, like a gland. Adenology (Gr. aden, and logos a treatise on), a discourse on the nature and use of the glands. Adenomesenteritis (Gr. aden, and mesenterion mesentery), in pathology, inflammation of the mesentericglands. Adenopharyngitis (Gr. aden, and pharynx), in pathology, inflammation of the glands of the tonsil and pharynx. Adenoph'ora (Gr. aden, and phoreo to bear), a genus of perennial herbs, natives of Siberia; order Campanulaceæ. Adenophthalmia (Gr. aden, and ophthalmos the eye), inflammation of the Meibomian glands, which are situated at the edge of the eyelids. Adenophylleæ (Gr. aden, and phyllon a leaf), the name of a group of plants, of the order Oxalidaceæ, which have small glandulous tubercles on the leaves.

Adeno'sis (Gr. aden a gland), a family of glandular diseases. Adenotomy (Gr.aden, and tome a cutting), in anatomy and surgery, the cutting of a gland.

Adeph'egans (Gr. gluttons), a family of voracious coleopterous insects. Adeps (Lat.), in anatomy, the fat of the abdomen.

Adesma'ceæ (Gr. long-footed), a family of boring Mollusca, including the Pholidæ, Teredineæ, &c.

Ades'mia (Gr. without bands), a genus of S. American herbaceous plants; sub-order Papilionaceæ.

Adiantum (Gr. dryness, alluding to the want of moisture in the leaves), a genus of ferns, maiden's-hair. Adiaphneus'tia (Gr.), impeded or defective perspiration. Adiaphore'sis (Gr.indifference), in pharmacy, suppressed cutaneous perspiration.

Adi'na (Gr. crowded), a genus of glabrous shrubs, with flowers disposed in heads (whence the name); natives of China; order Cinchonaceæ.

Ad'ipocere (Lat. adeps, and cera fat wax), a fatty spermaceti substance produced in dead animal bodies by burial in moist places, or by long immersion in spirit or water.

Ad'ipose (Lat. adeps fat), belonging to or consisting of waxy fat; an epithet much used in pathology and anatomy; thus, Adipose cells are those vesicles which contain the fat; Adipose membrane, the tissue which encloses the fat in animal bodies; Adipose tumour, a large fatty swelling; Adipose vein, a vein arising from the descending trunk of the cava, which spreads itself on the coat of fat that covers the kidneys.

Adip'sia (Gr. free from thirst), absence of thirst.

Adip'son, a medium that tends to allay extreme thirst.

Adit (Lat.), the horizontal or inclined entrance to a mine.

Adjutant (Lat. an assistant), in natural history, the Ardea gigantea, or gigantic crane, one of the most voracious carnivorous animals in exist ence; it swallows bones with impunity.

Adjutorium (Lat. a helper), in anatomy, a term applied to the humerus, for its usefulness in raising the arm.

Adminic'ulum (Lat. support), in natural history, a term applied to the abdominal semi-circular row of teeth, which enables certain subterranean insects to force their way to the surface.

Adna (Lat. adnatus growing to), in malacology, a term applied to those cup-shaped shells found attached to stones on the sea-coast; a genus of Balani or Barnacles.

Adnas'cent (Lat.), in botany, growing

Adna'ta, Tu'nica (Lat. an adhering tunic), in anatomy, one of the coats of the eye, situated between the conjunctiva and sclerotica; called also Albuginea.

Ad'nate (Lat. growing together), in botany, a term applied to a leaf when it is found adhering to the stem by its surface; also to an anther, when adherent to the filament in its entire length.

Adoscula'tion (Lat. a kissing), in botany, a term applied to the impregnation of plants through the agency of the pollen, which falls on the stigma.

Adox'a (Gr. inglorious), a genus of plants, the moschatel; order Saxifrageæ.

Adula'ria (from Mount Adula, in Switzerland), in mineralogy, a semi-trans

parent variety of felspar;

stone.

moon

Adyna'mia, or Adynamy (Gr. wanting strength), in pathology, a prostration of physical energy; a diminution of the vital powers; debility. - Adynamic, without power, applied to invalids.

Achmea (Gr. a point), a genus of plants; order Bromeliaceӕ. Ecid'ium (Gr. like a wheel), in botany, a genus of minute fungi, growing in the leaves and bark of trees, like small membraneous bags.

E'dilite (Gr. a modest-looking stone), in mineralogy, a silicate of alumina, of a light grey striated appearance, found in Sweden.

Edoiotomy (Gr.), dissection of the organs of generation. Egagrap'ilus (Gr. aix a goat, and pilos a ball of hair), a concretionary hairy ball, found in the stomachs of rumi nating animals.

Egerid'eæ (Gr. aix, and eidos resemblance), a family of lepidopterous in. sects; the hornets.

Æ'gialites (Gr. a beach), a name given to a family of wading birds. E'gilops (Gr. goat-eyed), in botany, a genus of the Graminaceæ, called hard-grass.

Ægiph'ila (Gr. aix, and philos dear), a genus of West Indian plants, goat's-friend; order Verbenaceæ. Egochlo'a (Gr. aix, and chloa grass), a genus of plants; order Polemoniaceæ.

Egophony (Gr. goat-like voice), in pathology, a tremulous sound of the voice resulting from a diseased state of the chest, similar to the bleating of a goat.

Eolian (Lat. Æolus, the god of the winds), pertaining to the winds.Æolian harp, a stringed instrument,

which yields agreeable sounds when acted on by a current of air.

Fol'ipile (Æolus, and Gr. pila a ball), an instrument used in showing how water may be converted into steam. A'erate (Gr. and Lat. aer air), to impregnate a liquid with carbonic acid. Aera'ted (Lat.), charged with air, applied to water charged with carbonic acid gas.

Aera'tion (Lat.), act of charging with air or gas.

Aerhydrous (Gr. aer, and hydor water), in mineralogy, applied to those minerals which contain water in their cavities.

Ae'rial (Lat.), in natural philosophy, an epithet of very general use, as applied to objects connected with the air; as Aerial perspective, that branch of perspective which treats of the relative diminution of the colours of bodies in proportion to their distance. In painting, the secondary objects, as seen through the medium of the atmosphere, are so termed.

Aerides (Lat. aer the air), a genus of plants, the air-plant; order Orchida

сеӕ.

Aeriferous (Lat. containing air), in botany, an epithet applied to the vesicles of certain fuci, which enable them to swim on the surface of the water. In zoology, applied to the bronchial vessels.

Aerification (Lat. aer, and fio to become), in natural philosophy, the act of hecoming air, or of being changed from a solid or liquid to an aeriform

state.

A'eriform (Lat.), resembling air. A'erify (Lat.), to infuse air into, or fill with air.

Aerodynamics (Gr. air-power), in natural philosophy, the science which treats on the force and properties of air, when in motion.

Aerog'nosy (Gr. knowledge of air), in natural history, the science which treats of the properties of air, and of the part it performs in the economy of nature.

Aerog'raphy (Gr.), a description of the atmosphere or air which circumvolves the earth.

A'erolites, or A'eroliths (Gr. aer and lithos, air-stones), in meteorology, luminous stones, or mineral masses, which fall from the atmosphere; or, as some philosophers affirm, from the more distant regions of the solar system. Of their physical or meteorological origin, however, thing certain is known; but the subject is sufficiently interesting to deserve inquiry. These wonderful phenomena are mentioned in the

no

earliest periods of antiquity, yet their physical origin has never been satisfactorily explained. In China there exist catalogues of remarkable meteors of every description, which have appeared there during a period of 2,400 years. From A.D. 960 to 1270, no fewer than 1,479 meteors are registered by the Chinese observers. Pliny relates that a shower of stones (for such he calls them) fell in Lucania. In 1762, many of these metcoric stones fell near Verona, in Italy, some of them weighing 200 and 300 pounds in weight. In Siberia, a mass of native iron was discovered by Professor Pallas, which weighed 1,600 pounds; and one was discovered, in Peru, of the enormous weight of fifteen tons.

That these meteoric phenomena are of cosmical origin has been demonstrated by Olmsted, at Newhaver, in Connecticut, who proved that during the celebrated display of aeroliths, in November, 1833, they all emerged from precisely the same quarter of the heavens, near the star y, in the constellation Leo; and that they did not deviate from this particular point, though the star changed its apparent height and azimuth during the observation; thus demonstrating that these bodies are independent of the diurnal or rotatory motion of the earth. The verified instances of the fall of aerolites in modern times are innumerable. In 1789 a fire-ball broke over the Landes, near Bordeaux, and discharged stones that fell on a shed and killed several cattle. In 1798, at Benares, there was a shower of stones, many of them weighing two pounds. In 1790 a meteor burst over Agen, a French village; the stones that fell were at first soft, but they gradually hardened. An aerolite that fell at Manerkirch, in Bavaria, in 1768, was triangular, and weighed thirty-eight pounds; it buried itself two feet. - "These bodies," says an able writer in the Quarterly Review, "afford us glimpses into the history of matter foreign to the world in which we ourselves live. They represent another domain of nature; yet connected with our own by the signal fact, also derived from them, that the matter is the same in kind as that which surrounds us here. One-third of the whole number of elementary substances enter into their composition; iron largely predominating over the rest, and associated occasionally with minerals, resembling closely the hornblende, augite, and olivine of our rocks."

Agrology (Gr. aer, and logos treatise on), the science of air; a treatise on air in general, and its various properties; whence Aerologist, one versed in aerology.

Aerom'etry (Gr. aer, and metron airmeasurer), in natural philosophy, that portion of physics which relates to the expansion and density of the air, and the means of measuring it; whence Aerometer, an instrument for measuring the density and lightness of the atmosphere.

A'erenaut (Gr. aer, and Lat. nauta a sailor), one who floats through the air in a balloon; whence Aeronautics, the art of sailing in the air; and Aeronautism, the art and science of ballooning.

Aerophobia (Gr. dread of air), a symptom of hydrophobia.

A'erophyte (Gr. air-plant), in botany, a plant which derives its nutriment exclusively from the air and the moisture which it contains.

Aeros'copy (Gr. air-inspector, or perception by the air), the science which shows by observation the state of the atmosphere, and its variations; the faculty of perception by the medium of the air, peculiar to the antennæ of some insects.

Aerostatics (Gr. the statics of air), the science which treats of the weight or pressure of the air, and other elastic fluids; whence Aerostatic, relating to acrostation.

Aerosta'tion (Lat. air-weighing), the science of weighing air; the art of raising heavy bodies through the air; aerial navigation.

Eru'go (Lat.), a subacetate of copper; verdigris.

Æschynanthus (Gr. a modest flower), a genus of twining parasitic plants,

of the order Gesneraceæ.

Æs'chynite (Gr.sensitiveness), in mineralogy, a yellow-brown ore from the Ural Mountains.

Æschyno'mene (Gr. modest), a genus of leguminous plants; order Papilio

naceæ.

Es'culus (Gr. esca nourishment), a genus of arborescent plants, the horsechesnut; order Sapindaceæ.

Æthione'ma (Gr.ascorched filament), a genus of plants, of the order Cruciferæ. Æthu'sa (Gr. warmth), a genus of umbelliferous plants, one of which, the fool's parsley, is poisonous.

Etiology (Gr. treatise on causes), in pathology, the doctrine of the causes of disease.

Eti'tes (Gr.), in mineralogy, a variety ofironstone, eagle-stone, which makes a noise when shaken.

Etoba'tis (Gr. aetos an eagle, and batis a bramble), in ichthyology, a genus of skate, the eagle-ray, with long thorny tails.

Affettuo'so (Ital. tender), in music, a term denoting that the strain is to be played in a slow and gentle manner. Af finage (Fr.), in metallurgy, the process of refining metals, or obtaining them in a state of purity.

Afzelia, a genus of leguminous plants, of the order Papilionaceæ. Ag'alaxy (Gr. without milk), in pathology, want of milk in the mother after parturition.

Agal'lochum, in botany. the name of aloes wood, of which there are three varieties: the calamba, the common lignum aloes, and the calambaz, the last of which is used by cabinetmakers.

Agal'myla (Gr. a forest ornament), a genus of flowering plants. Ag'ama (Gr. wonder), in herpetology, a genus belonging to the Iguana family, resembling the common lizards; fam. Agamidæ.

Ag'amæ (Gr. without sex), in betany, a term applied to the cryptogamous or acotyledonous division of the vegetable kingdom; whence Agamous, as applied to cryptogamic plants, which have the organs of reproduction, but are flowerless.

Ag'ami (Sp.), in ornithology, a species of crane, inhabiting the woods of Central America; the trumpeter

crane.

Aganis'ia (Gr. soft, or pleasing), a ge. nus of plants, of the order Orchidaceæ.

Aganos'ma (Gr. a mild scent), a genus of plants, of the order Apocynaceæ. Agapanthus (Gr. a love-blossom), a genus of bulbous-rooted plants, the African lily; order Liliaceӕ.

Agape'tes (Gr. beloved), a genus of showy evergreen shrubs, natives of the East Indies; order Vaccineaceæ. Ag'aphite, in mineralogy, a variety of turquoise.

Agaricus, a very extensive genus of the mushroom family, of the natural order Fungi, so called from Agaria, a town in Sarmatia; whence Agaric, of the nature of the mushroom. This word gives the following combinations used in natural history: Agaricicolus, living among mushrooms; Agariciformis, having the form of a mushroom; Agaricinus, like a mushroom. -Agaric mineral is a calcareous earth or carbonate of lime, resembling a fungus in colour and texture. Agas'tachys (Gr. admirable spikes), a genus of plants, of the order Pro