Optics for PhotographersAmerican photographic publishing Company, 1918 - 224 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
achromat anastigmats angle of incidence aplanat assume astigmatic brightness cemented surface circle of confusion collecting lens color dispersion coma concave construction corresponding crown glass curvature curves depth deviation diameter diaphragm dispersing lens distance double objective effective aperture enlargement entrance pupil equal equation exposure field focal length focusing plane Fraunhofer lines front focal point ground glass halves image formation image point image space incidence-height incident light increases index of refraction infinitely small infinitely thin infinity light rays luminous point medium meniscus meridional meridional rays mirror object and image object space obtain optical axis paraxial rays pencil of rays perpendicular Petzval photographic objective picture pinhole camera point F point of intersection position possible principal points principal ray prism refracted ray relative aperture screen sharp image sine condition spectrum spherical aberration spherical correction stop symmetrical objective teleobjective thickness tion total reflection unsharpness vertex vignetting zonal errors
Popular passages
Page 13 - ... the index of refraction is equal to the sine of the angle of incidence divided by the sine of the angle of refraction.
Page 192 - Let u = distance of object from lens, v = distance of image from lens, F = focal length of lens. -=-+-, for example, 1=7^+7' F uv 3 12 4 or F(u + u) = uv, for example, 3(12 + 4) = 12 x 4.
Page 79 - View the print from a distance equal to the focal length of the taking lens, multiplied by the magnification of the print. By employing this system, we can create the same relationship between the photograph and the viewers' eyes that existed between the subject and lens.
Page 13 - Snell who discovered it about 1621. 2. A measure of the amount of refraction experienced by a ray as it passes through a refractive interface, ie, a surface separating two media of different densities. It is the ratio of the absolute indices of refraction of the two media (see sense 1 above) . Also called refractive index, relative index of refraction. Indi. International Astronomical Union abbreviation for Indus. See constellation. indicator.
Page 13 - We apply this to any object in the object space and find that the image produced by a plane mirror is of the same size as the object, and is symmetrically placed with reference to the mirror.
Page 15 - ... where e is the thickness of the plate and n is its index of refraction. This is in addition to a small amount of distortion of the scene at the edges of the FOV (eg, <1% for a 60 degree FOV).
Page 19 - In other words, how can we logically deduce the usual and correct theorem that : " The deviation of a ray by a prism is least when the ray passes through the prism in a principal plane and when the angles of incidence and emergence are equal " t* The usual argument is to say that D'0 exceeds A0 in value, that the equation
Page 180 - Population this condition is rather marred if we consider it historically. For we must take account of the fact that in the case of long-term investments (in which an important part of capital imports is absorbed in the early stages of settlement) the market price may diverge very far from the expected yield on the one hand, and the actual yield on the other. Thus much of the speculative investment was based on expectations of...
Page 86 - ... the fourth power of the cosine of the angle of inclination of the principal ray on the image side.