Proceedings of the Royal Society. Section A, Mathematical and Physical ScienceHarrison and Son, 1908 |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
active æther apparatus appears atomic atomic weight axis bulb calculated cane-sugar carbon cathode chloride coefficient conductivity constant corresponding cos² curve determined dielectric dilution discharge distance effect electric electrodes electrolytic electrometer energy equation expansion experiments force formula function galvanometer gases given glass glow heat helium hydrogen hydrogen chloride hydrol increase intensity ionisation ions J. J. Thomson krypton light lines liquid Lord Kelvin Lord Rayleigh magnetic measured mercury metal method methylic acetate molecular molecules motion negative nitrogen number of a-particles observed obtained optical oxygen paper Phil plane plate porcelain positive potential pressure Proc produced proportion quantity radiation radio-active radium ratio refractive refractive indices rotatory power salt selenium sodium solution spectrum substance sugar sulphuric acid surface tantalum temperature theory Thomson tube vapour velocity vertical viscosity voltage volts volume wave-length waves xenon
Popular passages
Page ix - The electromagnetic theory of light, as proposed by him is the same in substance as that which I have begun to develop in this paper, except that in 1846 there were no data to calculate the velocity of propagation.
Page vi - The explanation of all phenomena of electro-magnetic attraction or repulsion, and of electro-magnetic induction, is to be looked for simply in the inertia and pressure of the matter of which the motions constitute heat. Whether this matter is or is not electricity, whether it is a continuous fluid interpermeating the spaces between molecular nuclei, or is itself molecularly grouped ; or whether all matter is continuous, and molecular heterogeneousness consists in finite vortical or other relative...
Page xii - I had no belief in the reality of this theory ; but 1 did not then know that motion is the very essence of what has been hitherto called matter. At the 1847 meeting of the British Association in Oxford, I learned from Joule the dynamical theory of heat, and was forced to abandon at once many, and gradually from year to year all other, statical preconceptions regarding the ultimate causes of apparently statical phenomena.
Page xii - There is at present in the material world a universal tendency to the dissipation of mechanical energy. 2. Any restoration of mechanical energy, without more than an equivalent of dissipation, is impossible in inanimate material processes, and is probably never effected by means of organized matter either endowed with vegetable life or subjected to the will of an animated creature. 3. Within a finite period of time past, the earth must have been, and within a finite period...
Page xii - If we do so, however, we meet with innumerable other difficulties — insuperable without farther experimental investigation, and an entire reconstruction of the theory of heat from its foundation. It is in reality to experiment that we must look — either for a verification of Carnot's axiom, and an explanation of the difficulty we have been considering; or for an entirely new basis of the Theory of Heat.
Page 440 - In a paper published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society, vol. xxiii. p. 455, I have described a form of contact-breaker designed for great rapidity and steadiness of action. It consisted of a steel rod which vibrated under the action of an electromagnet. As regards sharpness of break and steadiness of definition in the striae, this instrument left little or nothing...
Page 386 - Immediately after the water is left free, the disturbance begins analysing itself into two groups of waves, seen travelling in contrary directions from the middle line of the diagram. The perceptible fronts of these two groups extend rightwards and leftwards from the end of the initial static group far beyond the
Page 493 - An Essay on the application of Mathematical Analysis to the Theories of Electricity and Magnetism...
Page v - molecular vortices", appears to indicate a line perpendicular to the plane of resultant rotatory momentum ("the invariable plane") of the thermal motions as the magnetic axis of a magnetized body, and suggests the resultant moment of momenta of these motions as the definite measure of the "magnetic moment".
Page xlvi - THE most economical size of the copper conductor for the electric transmission of energy, whether for the electric light or for the performance of mechanical work, would be found by comparing the annual interest of the money value of the copper with the money value of the energy lost in it annually in the heat generated in it by the electric current.