A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive: Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence and the Methods of Scientific InvestigationHarper & Brothers, 1852 - 600 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
abstract affirmed animal antecedent applied Archbishop Whately argument ascer ascertained assertion attributes axioms believe body called carbonic acid cause character circumstances classification coexistence color common conceive conception conclusion connexion connotation consequent considered copula deductive definition degree denote distinction doctrine Duke of Wellington effect empirical laws equal Ethology evidence example exist experience expression fact fallacy feelings follow genus ground human idea individual induction inference inquiry instance kind known language laws of causation logic logicians mark matter meaning men are mortal mental merely Method of Agreement Method of Difference mind mode mortal motion objects observation particular peculiar phenomena phenomenon philosophers possess predicate premisses principles produced properties proposition proved quadrupeds question ratiocination reason relation resemblance respecting result scientific sensations sense signification Socrates species substances sufficient supposed supposition syllogism term theory things tion true truth uniformities universal universal proposition Whewell word
Popular passages
Page 224 - If two or more instances of the phenomenon under investigation have only one circumstance in common, the circumstance in which alone all the instances agree is the cause (or effect) of the given phenomenon.
Page 230 - Subduct from any phenomenon such part as is known by previous inductions to be the effect of certain antecedents, and the residue of the phenomenon is the effect of the remaining antecedents.
Page 200 - The cause, then, philosophically speaking, is the sum total of the conditions, positive and negative, taken together; the whole of the contingencies of every description, which being realized, the consequent invariably follows.
Page 184 - Whatever be the most proper mode of expressing it, the proposition that the course of nature is uniform is the fundamental principle, or general axiom, of Induction. It would yet be a great error to offer this large generalisation as any explanation of the inductive process. On the contrary, I hold it to be itself an instance of induction, and induction by no means of the most obvious kind. Far from being the first induction we make, it is one of the last, or at all events one of those which...
Page 295 - Let any one watch the manner in which he himself unravels any complicated mass of evidence ; let him observe how, for instance, he elicits the true history of any occurrence from the involved statements of one or of many witnesses.
Page 295 - The process of tracing regularity in any complicated, and, at first sight, confused set of appearances, is necessarily tentative : we begin by making any supposition, even a false one, to see what consequences will follow from it ; and by observing how these differ from the real phenomena we learn what corrections to make in our assumption.
Page 457 - That gravity should be innate, inherent and essential to matter, so that one body may act upon another at a distance through a vacuum, without the mediation of anything else by and through which their action and force may be conveyed from one to another, is to me so great an absurdity, that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it.
Page 562 - These it takes, to a certain extent, into its calculations, because these do not merely, like our other desires, occasionally conflict with the pursuit of wealth, but accompany it always as a drag or impediment, and are therefore inseparably mixed up in the consideration of it. Political Economy considers mankind as occupied solely in acquiring and consuming wealth...
Page 122 - When we say, All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is mortal ; it is unanswerably urged by the adversaries of the syllogistic theory, that the proposition, Socrates is mortal, is presupposed in the more general assumption, All men are mortal...